482 
PllOTOZOA. 
North Atlantic, coronatUy Ell. & Sol. (3), European Atlantic, Mediterranean, 
Eacihc, ampuUay H. (4), Atlantic, S. America, raphanus, Schm., Mediter- 
ranean, Eed Sea, Indian Ocean, Australia, Japan, aapillosa, Schm. (3), 
Adriatic, setosuj Schm,, Mediterranean, villosa, H. (2), European Atlantic, 
Mexican Gulf, schmidtiy H., Adriatic, arborea, H., Australia, alcyoncellumy H., 
Indian Ocean, elegansy Bow. (2), Mediterranean, European Atlantic, Canaries, 
Antilles, Cape, humboldtiy Ilisso, Adriatic, glahray Schm., Mediterranean, 
European Atlantic, arcticuy H. (3), Greenland, Spitzbergen, ramosUy H., 
Cape, compressuy Fab. (9), utriculusy Schm. (2), North A tlantic, hgstrixy H., 
S. Africa. 
This “ natural system ” is followed by an artificial system,” based on 
‘‘ generic” characters, formerly considered valid, but the instability of which 
is now demonstrated (for ^ Vrodromus,’ cf. Zool. Uoc. vi. p. 074). These 
characters are also used for the definition of the so-termed “ generic varieties ” 
of the species j though many species are hitherto only found in one of these, 
the general rule is that the range of individual variation is in many instances 
enormous and astonishing, and the structure of certain specimens of typically 
simple species perplexing and intricate. Many species are further dilferentiated 
into specific (“beginning species”), connective, and transitional varieties, 
intimating transitions into other species or connexions with other genera. 
Special chapters are devoted to the geographical and bathymetrical distri- 
bution (“ Chorology ”). Calcinpongice arc mostly littoral. 
RIIIZOPODA. 
1. EnRENiiiCRG, C. G. Uebersiclit der seit 1847 fortgesetzten 
Untersucliuiigen liber das in der Atmospliare unsiebtbar 
getragene reiclie organisclie Leben. Nacbtrag dazu. Abb. 
Ak. Uerl. 1871, pp. 1-150 & 233-275, pis. 1-3. 
2. . Mikvogcologisebc Studieu als Zusumincnlussung seiner 
Beobaebtungen des kleinsteii Lebeiis der Meeres-Ticfgrunde 
aller Zonen und dessen geologiselier Einfiuss. MB. Ak. 
Berl. 1872, pp. 265-322. 
3. Fischer, P. Foraminiferes mar ins dn departement de la 
Gironde et des cotes du sud-ouest de la France. Act. Soc. 
L. Bord. xxvii. pp. 376-397. 
76 species: cf. 0. II. Ixxiv. p. 751, on the Foraminif era dredged off Cape 
Breton. 
4. Grimm, O. IJeber eine neue Siisswasser-Radiolarie. Arch. 
mikr. Anat. viii. pp. 531-534, pi. 21 a. 
5. Parker, W. K., and Jones, T. R. On the nomenclature 
of the Foraminif era. Pt. XV. The species figured by Ehren- 
berg. Ann. N. H. (4) ix. pp. 211-230, 280-303; x. 
pp. 184-200, 253-271, 453-457. 
