— 18 
upstream of Aloon, to find out how many elephants were 
actually employed in Rangoon. 
The work of stacking wood, in which elephants were 
employed till a few years ago, is now more efficiently and 
economically performed by overhead machinery worked by 
electricity. 
We saw five elephants in all. One was “must,” and 
chained up in a shed : it had recently severely wounded a 
man. The other four elephants were employed in rough 
and heavy work. Logs of teak are floated at high tide into 
a creek, and at low water the elephants are taken into the 
mud and drag out the logs and place them where required 
on dry land. 
In the Rangoon Zoological Gardens 1 saw two young 
Burmese elephants, a male about two years and seven months 
old, and a female about one year four months old ; their 
general ajjpearance was very different from the elephants 
that I had been seeing in Southern India, but it would be 
necessary to compare a large series of both these races of 
elephants before one could definitely state on what grounds 
it was necessary to constitute them as belonging to two dif- 
ferent subspecies, and the races occurring in Siam, Sumatra,^ 
etc., should also be considered. The five adult Burmese 
elephants mentioned above seemed chiefly to differ from 
the elephants of Mysore and Travancore in being much 
more hairy. 
The mahouts that I saw in Rangoon were mostly 
Mohammedans from Chittagong. 
2. — Height of Elephants. 
The late Mr. W. T. Blanford, F.R.S. (“Fauna of British 
India,” Mammalia, 1891, p. 463), writes: — 
“ The vertical height at the shoulder in adult elephants is 
almost exactly twice the circumference of the fore foot. 
Adult males do not as a rule exceed 9 feet, females 8 in 
height, but a male has been measured by Sanderson as much 
* Elejjhas indicus mmatranus. A male from Lower Landak, East Sumatra, can 
be seen stuffed in the Museum at Munich, Bavaria, (Oct. 7, 1913, S. S.F.), 
