1925] Storer: A Synopsis of the Amphibia of California 49 
p. 206), and on Admiralty and Dali islands (specimens in Mus. Vert. 
Zool.) ; in British Columbia it has been recorded on Vancouver Island, 
from Fraser River and Chilukiveyuk [== Chilliwack] River (Boulen- 
ger, 1882&, pp. 20-21), at Bella Coola, Hagensborg, and Ocean Falls 
(Patch, 1922, p. 75), and at Hatzic and Victoria (Cope, 1893, p. 181) ; 
in Washington at Fort Steilacoom, Fort Vancouver (Yarrow, 1883, 
p. 160), and Tacoma (Cope, loc. cit.), near Forks, Clallam County, 
and at South Bend, Pacific County (specimens in Calif. Acad. Sci.) ; 
in Oregon at numerous coastal localities from Astoria, Clatsop County, 
south to Harbor, Curry County (Calif. Acad. Sci.), and eastward to 
Portland and Eugene City [—Eugene, Lane County] (Yarrow, loc. 
cit.), and to Drain, Douglas County, and Crater Lake, Klamath 
County (Calif. Acad. Sci.). Chandler (1918, pp. 7, 11) records the 
species at Corvallis, and in the Cascade Mountains near Mount Jeffer- 
son, Linn County, at an altitude of about 6000 feet. In California 
this salamander occurs from the Oregon line south certainly to Orange 
County, and possibly to San Diego (Orcutt, 1885, p. 5; Grinnell and 
Camp, 1917, pp. 130-131, fig. 1). Eastwardly it ranges to Cisco, 
Placer County [at 5567 feet] (Grinnell and Camp, loc. cit.), to Eldo- 
rado County (Cope, 1889, p. 206), to Mokelumne Hill, Calaveras 
County (Calif. Acad. Sci), to near Coulterville, Mariposa County 
(Grinnell and Storer, 1924, p. 651), and to “Fresno” [probably the 
hills east of that place] (Yarrow, loc. cit.). In southern California it 
occurs in the Santa Monica Mountains (Ruthling, 1915, p. 62), in the 
canons of the San Gabriel Range as about Sierra Madre (Mus. Vert. 
Zool.), and in Orange County at Trabuco Canon (Mus. Vert. Zool.). 
It apparently is absent from the floor of the Sacramento and San 
Joaquin valleys. In the Coast Ranges it is present everywhere east- 
ward to the western margin of the Great Valley. 
Life-history. — The Pacific Coast Newt, usually called “brown 
water-dog,” is the commonest and best known species of salamander 
in California. It inhabits every stream canon where w T ater is to be 
found during the summer months, and it is frequently to be seen on 
hill slopes, far removed from water. It is common throughout the 
foothill districts both in the Coast Ranges and along the Sierra Nevada 
and in a few places attains to a considerable altitude as on South Yolla 
Bolly Mountain, Trinity County, at 7000 feet (no. 4997 et ail., Mus. 
Vert. Zool.). 
Ritter (1897) has given a rather complete account of the habits 
and life-history of this salamander. To avoid duplication the present 
