1925] Storer: A Synopsis of the Amphibia of California 
107 
Life-history. — The specimens of Ensatina croceater from the 
Sierra Nevada collected in recent years have been found in situations 
similar to those occupied by E. eschscholtzii of the coast region, 
namely, under logs in the forest. No information is at hand concern- 
ing the breeding season. Young individuals have been collected as 
follows: Yosemite Valley, 4000 feet, June, 1921, total length 36 milli- 
meters; North Fork and vicinity, 2750-3000 feet, Madera County, 
February 28, 1920, 39 millimeters; March 5, 1920, 42 millimeters. 
Ensatina eschscholtzii Gray. Oregon Salamander 
(PI. 9, figs. 22, 23) 
Ensatina eschscholtzii Gray (1850, p. 48). Original description, type from 
California [— Monterey; see Boulenger, 18826, p. 54]. 
Heredia oregonensis Girard (1856, pp. 140-141). Type locality, Oregon. 
Plethodon oregonensis , Cope (1869, p. 100). 
Plethodon ensatus, Cope (1867, p. 167; see 1889, p. 150). [Not Triton 
ensatus Eschseholtz.] 
Heredia oregonensis, Strauch (1870, p. 76). Monograph. 
Plethodon oregonensis, Boulenger (18826, pp. 54-55). General account. 
Plethodon oregonensis, Cope (1883, p. 28). Locality records. 
Plethodon oregonensis, Yarrow (1883, pp. 21, 155). Range. 
Plethodon oregonensis, Cope (1889, pp. 148-150, text fig. 35). General 
account. 
Plethodon oregonensis, Yan Denburgh (1898, pp. 140-141). Breeding 
habits. 
Plethodon oregonensis, Hubbard (1903, pp. 157-170, pi. 16). Habits; 
nature of poison glands. 
Plethodon oregonensis, Esterly (1903, pp. 227-268, pis. 20-23). Poison 
glands. 
Plethodon oregonensis , Ruthling (1915, p. 62). Occurrence in Santa Monica 
Mountains. 
Plethodon oregonensis, Fowler . and Dunn (1917, p. 26). Locality records. 
Plethodon eschscholtzii, Grinnell and Camp (1917, p. 132, fig. 2). Range 
in California. 
Plethodon eschscholtzii, Stejneger and Barbour (1917, p. 15). General 
range. 
Ensatina eschscholtzii, Dunn (1923a, p. 39). Generic status. 
Ensatina eschscholtzii, Stejneger and Barbour (1923, p. 12). General 
range. 
Diagnosis. — Size moderate among California salamanders, total 
length up to 135 millimeters (5% inches) ; naso-labial groove present ; 
costal folds 10 ; temporal region flat ; maxillary and mandibular teeth 
inconspicuous; tail compressed, slightly constricted at base, swollen 
at midlength; body coloration above plain dark red, ventral surface 
of body and feet orange or yellow. 
