112 University of California Publications in Zoology [Vol. 27 
tail. This was done several times in the course of three or four days, and the 
solicitousness of the salamander continued until the eggs were quite moldy. 
Finally the eggs of the cluster were broken apart and one was eaten by the sala- 
mander (Van Denburgh, 1898, p. 140). 
A female taken in a canon [probably Strawberry], at Berkeley, 
February 9, 1904, contained 23 ova which now (1924) measure 4.5 to 
4.7 millimeters in diameter. Another obtained at Berkeley, March 12, 
1910, contains ova 5.7 millimeters in diameter. 
During 1 excavation of a tunnel system of the rodent, Aploclontia 
rufa phaea, in the hills three miles west of Inverness, Marin County, 
on June 4, 1913, two individuals of Ensatina eschscholtzii were found 
in one of the underground compartments. With the salamanders 
there was a group of 13 ‘white’ eggs. According to the field notes 
(C. L. Camp, notebook in Mus. Vert. Zool.) the larger of the two 
salamanders “seemed very much bloated and almost transparent 
when taken. As I held it in my hand it emitted about 44 oz. of clear 
odorless liquid and became normal in size. ’ ’ These eggs after preser- 
vation in alcohol measure 5.5 to 5.75 millimeters in diameter and the 
outer jelly coat 5.9 to 7.5 millimeters (pi. 9, fig. 22). 
At Carlotta, Humboldt County, on July 26, 1923, Dr. Joseph 
Grinnell found two adult individuals, each in attendance upon a 
cluster of 16 eggs. They were under slabs of redwood on the ground. 
The eggs are in what would appear to be relatively early stages of 
development. The head-and-body and the limb buds are formed. 
Each embryo is coiled on the surface, apparently a meroblastic type 
of development like that characteristic of birds and in contrast to the 
mode of development in aquatic spawning Caudata and Salientia. 
The eggs measure 5.0 to 5.5 millimeters in diameter (across the yolk 
mass) and the outside of the apparently single jelly coat is 7.6 to 7.8 
millimeters in diameter (pi. 9, fig. 23). The embryo fits closely into 
the vitelline capsule. When found, the eggs were nearly transparent ; 
preservation has made the yolk mass opaque while the jelly coat 
remains clear. 
I am unable to see that these eggs are definitely peduncled as is 
the case with eggs of both Batrachoseps attenuatus and Aneides lugu- 
bris. The eggs of Ensatina eschscholtzii here described seem to have 
come in contact with a substratum to which they adhered, and 
adjacent eggs are attached to one another. But this seems to have 
been due merely to the viscid nature of the jelly coat at the time of 
extrusion. 
