1925] Storer: A Synopsis of the Amphibia of California 199 
successful the individuals comprising it may be in meeting the other 
problems of existence. Practically all of the other Salientians which 
occur in the American southwest are restricted to the vicinity of the 
larger streams and they can continue there as long as these mountain- 
fed streams persist. Bufo punctatus, however, seems to be existing 
on a narrower margin of safety. 
Bufo woodhousii Girard. Rocky Mountain Toad 
(PI. 11, fig. 315, text fig. I) 
Bufo dorsalis Hallowell (1852, pp. 181-182), not of Spix. Original de- 
scription, type from “New Mexico” [= San Francisco Mountain, Ari- 
zona: see Stejneger, 1890, pp. 116-117]. 
Bufo woodhousii Girard (1854, p. 86). Name to replace dorsalis, pre- 
occupied. 
Bufo woodhousii, Cooper (1868, p. 486). Colorado (River) Valley. 
Bufo lentiginosus woodhousii, Cope (1889, pp. 281-284, text fig. 69). Gen- 
eral account. 
Bufo lentiginosus woodhousii, Camp (1915, p. 332; 1916a, p. 509). Colo- 
rado River Valley; critical. 
Bufo woodhousii, Grinnell and Camp (1917, p. 142, fig. 4). Range in Cali- 
fornia. 
Bufo woodhousii, Stejneger and Barbour (1917, p. 29; 1923, p. 27). Gen- 
eral range. 
Diagnosis. — Size moderate to large, head-and-body length up to 
81.8 millimeters (3% inches) [size still larger in specimens from east- 
ern part of range] ; cranial crests conspicuous, the longitudinal seg- 
ments nearly parallel ; parotoid glands twice as long as wide, divergent 
posteriorly and descending onto shoulders; warts on back conical, 
sharp-pointed, up to 3 mm. in diameter, distinctly encircled with 
black ; two palmar tubercles ; hind foot about three-fourths length of 
head-and-body. 
Comparisons. — Distinguished from all other California Salientia 
except Bufo cognatus by well developed angular cranial crests in 
combination with long slender parotoid glands; from Bufo cognatus 
(both subspecies) by absence of conspicuous nasal boss, less divergent 
course of cranial crests, longer more slender parotoid glands, larger 
more conical dorsal warts, by absence of large blotches of dark color 
on dorsal surface, by proportionately longer hind foot, and by loca- 
tion of vocal sac of male on chin region adjacent to lower jaw (com- 
pare pi. 11, figs. 31u, 31&). 
Description. — General form stout; muzzle oval in outline from 
above, bluntly rounded in profile ; head thick through, greatest depth 
slightly more than one-half its length ; external nares nearly terminal, 
apertures directed dorsolaterally ; canthus rostralis usually distinct; 
orbit slightly less than one-half length of head; interorbital space 
varying from slightly less to slightly more than length of orbit, con- 
