3 2 4 
THE FERNS OF SOUTH AFRICA 
(sporangia) are produced in the axils of ordinary leaves all 
along the stem ; in others they are confined to the upper part 
of the stem, or to separate spikes, terminal on the branches,, 
and in these cases the capsule-bearing leaves are reduced to 
ovate bracts. The spores develop prothallia, in which the 
sexual organs occur. 
Synopsis of the species : 
§ Capsules in the axils of ordinary leaves all along the stem. 
200. L. saururus. Stem erect, leaves strap-shaped, one line 
broad, shortly pointed. 
201. L. verticillatum. Stem pendulous; leaves subulate, very 
narrow. 
§§ Capsules confined to upper parts of the branches, and having 
bracts rather different from the leaves, but passing gradually into 
them. 
.202. L. gnidioides. Fertile portion dichotomously branched. 
203. L. dacrydioides. Fertile portion not branched. 
§§§ Capsules in short distinct spikes with bracts different from the 
leaves, but with ordinary leaves up to the base of the spike. Stem 
sub-erect. 
204. L. cernuum. 
§§§§ Capsules in distinct cylindrical or forked spikes, with changed 
bracts, and having a nearly leafless stalk of several inches. Leaves 
on all sides of the procumbent stem. 
205. L. clavatum. 
§§§§§ Capsules in a cylindrical spike on a nearly leafless stalk. Lower 
side of the procumbent stem leafless, and the leaves of two kinds all 
along the stem. 
206. L. carolinianum. 
200. Lycopodium saururus Lam. 
Plate 175. Nat. size. B Leaf and sporangium. 
Stems upright, once or twice dichotomously forked, six 
to eighteen inches long, half inch diameter including leaves, 
and producing capsules in the axils of unchanged leaves along 
the stem. Leaves ligulate, half inch long, one line broad, 
thickly coriaceous, entire, shortly pointed, and loosely ad- 
