THE FERNS OF NORTH-WESTERN INDIA. 
83 
hundred veiulets at the row of sori, in a large pinna. This of course gives 
jbhe required stiffness to the pinna, the lamina of which is membranous in 
texture. 
2. A. caudatum, L. ; Syn. Fil. 115 ; C. R. 453 ; Bed-1. II. B. 83. 
Kashmir : Jhelam Vy.; from Uri downward, MacLeod ; Tawt Yy. 5000', Trotter ; 
“ 3000', very common, 1 ’ Gammie. 
Punjab : Hazara— 35-4000, Trotter. Chamba , McDonell (in list) 3000', Trotter ; 
Kanyra Vy., W. 3000', E. 4500', Trotter ; Salt Range, Aitch.; Kvlln 5500', Trotter : 
Simla Reg., below Simla 35-4500', Hope, Gamble, Blanf. 
N W. P. : I>. D. Diet., common, up to nearly 5000' in the Himalaya; T. Garh. 
4-5000', Duthie ; Kumaun 6500' S. & W., Davidson. Hope 2000', common. 
Distrib.— Asia : Arabia Felix. N. India (Himalaya and other Mts.) 0.3000' 
very common. Centr. Provs., Ind. Centr. Ind. Bengal— “In Mont. Bekar, Calc, to 
Agra” Jacquem., Dhakka. Bombay Presy.— Poona Jacquem. Burma— Tenasserim. 
S. Ind. and Malay Penins., plains and lower slopes of hills (Bedd.), Ceylon, Java, 
Borneo, Philippines, China. Ajr,, Cape Yerde Isles., Banks of the Niger, Angola, 
Zambesi Land, Cape Colony, Mauritius. > 
This species, the last preceding, and the next following, belong to the 
(i radicantes group,” the rhachis being often prolonged and rooted at the 
point. A specimen gathered in the I)ehra Dun has fronds about three feet 
long, perhaps one-half consisting of secondary growth. The fronds hung 
down from the bank of a stream, and had rooted and grown in the air, like 
Saxifraga sarmentosa. 
3 A. Edgewortllii, Hook., Sp. Fil. II., 14 ; Syn. Fil. 2nd Ed. 472. 
A. caudatum , L. var. 0. rhizophorwn, Walk, C. R., 453. A. caudatum , L. var. 
( 3 . Edgewortliii , Bedd. II. B. 84. A. Edgeivorthii , Hook., Bedd. Supp. H. 
B. 17. 
Punjab: Adah Valley near Multan , M. P. Edgew., Sept., 1838 ; Simla Reg.— 
Bhajji State 5-6000' Trotter ; Simla 5-6250', Hope, Blanf., Bliss. 
N.-W. P. : D. D. Dist.— 5-6000', Mackinnons, Hope, Duthie, rare ; T, Garh. 4500', 
Hope; Suarna-ka-ser, 6000', Gamble, 1898, “ Garlncal, Edgew., A. Hume 11 
(Clarke) Mrs. Fisher; Kumaun , 3-6000'S, and W., A. Hume, Hope, Davidson, 
Duthie, Trotter, MacLeod. 
Distrib. — Amer. : W. Ind. Sieber, in Herb, Hort. Sahar. (7 pair of pinnae only;, 
Asia : N. Ind. (Him,). Nepal, Wallich. Assam— Khasi Hills 4500', Mann. Mani- 
pur, Clark*, Wait. Burma— Fort Stedman, Abdul Hak, 1893. China— Peking, JDr. 
Williams, Dr. Busliell, Hancock (largest I have seen). Malay Isles. Timor, II. O. 
Forbes , 1882-83. 
Since gathering it in Kumaun, in 1SG1, I have -always considered this a 
distinct species. It has been long in obtaining general recognition. Published 
by Hooker in 1858, in the Sp. Fil., it was reduced in the Syn. Fit. to the 
place of a synonym of A. caudatum, ( 3 , A. rhizophorum, Sw., and but doubt- 
fully raised in the 2nd Ed, to the rank of species. Clarke in his ‘‘ Review*’ 
