56 
SYNOPSIS OF THE FAMILY HETEROPYGII. 
liostnls double. Anterior tubular and standing out from the end of 
the snout. 
Stomach well defined, coecal. 
Pyloric appendages present. 
Intestine with two turns. 
Anus situated under the throat and forward of the pectorals. 
Ovary single. (Placed by the side of the stomach in Amblyopsis 
and Typhlichthys and behind it in Chologaster.) 
Viviparous. (Amblyopsis.) 
Tes^es paired. (Amblyopsis.) 
Air bladder with pneumatic duct. (Amblyopsis.) 
Liver with the left lobe very large and partially enclosing the 
stomach. 
Amblyopsis DeKay, Fishes of New York, p. 187, 1842. 
Eyes rudimentary and imbedded under the skin. 
Head with numerous transverse and longitudinal rows of sensitive 
papillae provided with nerve branches, many of the nerve branches 
terminating as free filaments outside the papilla3. Small granula- - 
tions on the spaces between the papillary ridges. Canals under the 
skin. 
Teeth minute, curved, and arranged in rows on the intermaxillary, 
inferior maxillarj’' and palatine bones. 
Body with a prominent papilla just over the opercular opening, at 
the base of a small papillary ridge, similar to those on the head. 
Papillary ridges on sides of body of same character as those on the 
head, and arranged at nearly equal distances from opercular opening 
to base of caudal fin. 
Pyloric appendages, one on each side. 
Ovary situated on the right side of the stomach. 
Fins. Ventrals small and placed near the anal fin. Dorsal, 9. 
Anal, 9. Pectoral, 11. Ventral, 4. Caudal, 24. 
Amblyopsis spelseiis DeKay. Large Blindfisii. 
Craige, Proccl. Acad. Nat. Sci. Pliilad., i, p. 175, 1842. DeKat, Fishes N. Y., p. 
187, 1842. Wymax, Amer. Jour. Sci., xlv, p. 94, 1843; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., xii, p. 
298., 1843. Thompsox, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., xiii, p. Ill, 1844. Tellkampf, Miil- 
ler’s Arch. f. Anat., p. 392,1844; N. Y. Jour. Medicine, v, p. 84, with plate, giving- 
three figs, of the fish ; position of internal organs; brain; stomach; air bladder; scale 
(profile view gives the fish loithoiit ventral fins, but ventral view shows them), 1845. 
Stoker, Synopsis N. A. Fish, p. 435, 1846. Owex, Lect. Comp. Anat. Fishes, pp. 
175, 202 (fig. of brain), 1846. Wymax, Procd. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., iii, p. 349, 1850 
“Daltox, N. Y. Medical Times, ii, p. 354, 18—.” Agassiz, Amer. Jour. Sci. xi. p.l28, 
1851. Wymax, Procd. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., iv, p. 395 (1853), 1854; v, p. 18, 1854; 
Amer. Jour. Sci., xvii, p. 259, 1854 (vfith figs, of brain, eye, and otolite). Girard, 
Proc. Nat. Sci. Philad., p. 63, 1859. POEY, Mem. de Cuba, ii, p. 104, Pis. 9, 11 
(outlines of fish and of brain), 1858. Wood, 111. Nat. Hist., iii, p. 314, figure, 
1862. Texney, Nat. Hist., p. 344, figure, 1865. Guxther, Cat. Fish Brit. Museum, 
vii, p. 2, 1868. Cope, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., viii, p. 368, 1871. PUTXAM, Amer. Nat., 
