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■ MANUAL 
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BRITISH ORNITHOLOGY: , 
BEING A SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE l 
BIRDS OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND, 
INCLUDING THE ESSENTIAL CHARACTERS OF THE SPECIES, 
GENERA, FAMILIES, AND ORDERS. 
BY 
WILLIAM MACGILLIVBAY, A.M., M.W.S., &c. 
PROFESSOR OF NATURAL HISTORY 
IN THE MARISCHAL COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN, 
AUTHOR OF A HISTORY OF BRITISH BIRDS, MANUALS OF GEOLOGY, BOTANY, &C, 
1842 . 
