164 
ANATIN^E. ANAS. 
Male, 23, . ., 13, lj, 2 T 2 ^, 2y^-, T \. 
This species is very extensively dispersed, being found in 
India, Persia, and the northern parts of Asia ; at the Cape 
of Good Hope, and in other portions of Africa ; in Austria, 
Hungary, and Russia. It is said to nestle in the holes of 
rocks, or trees, or in burrows of animals, and to lay eight or 
nine white eggs. On the western coasts of Europe it some- 
times appears as an accidental straggler ; and a very few in- 
dividuals have been met with in England, one of which is in 
the Newcastle Museum, another in the possession of Mr 
Selby. 
Ruddy Goose. Grey-headed Goose. 
Anas Casarca, Linn. Syst. Nat. iii. App. 224.— -Anas Ca- 
sarca, and Anas cana, Lath. Ind. Ornith. ii. 800, 844.— Anas 
rutila, Temm. Man. d’Ornith. ii. 832. — Tadorna Casarca, 
Ruddy Shielduck, MacGillivray, Brit. Birds, v. 
GENUS CXXY. ANAS. DUCK. 
The Ducks have the body large, ovato-elliptical, consider- 
ably elongated, about the same height and breadth ; the 
neck rather long ; the head oblong, compressed, of moderate 
size. Bill about the length of the head, higher than broad 
at the base, gradually depressed, becoming a little broader 
toward the end, and very slightly rearcuate ; upper man- 
dible with the frontal angles short and pointed, the dorsal 
line sloping to beyond the nostrils, then nearly straight, the 
ridge flattened and gradually narrowed, the unguis obovate, 
decurved, the sides convex, unless at the base, the lamellae 
with their outer ends thin, and scarcely apparent externally. 
Mouth rather narrow ; digestive organs as in the character 
of the family. Trachea of nearly uniform width ; the lower 
larynx with a transversely oblong bony expansion, forming 
a bulging and rounded sac on the left side. Nostrils ellip- 
tical, moderate, subbasal. Eyes rather small. Legs short ; 
tibia bare for a very short space ; tarsus short, compressed, 
anteriorly with small scutella ; hind toe very small, elevated, 
with a narrow membrane ; fourth toe a little shorter than 
third ; all scutellate ; interdigital membranes full ; claws 
small, compressed, arched, rather blunt. Feathers of the 
head and upper neck short and blended ; scapulars large, 
