EULIGULINJE, FULIGULA. AYTHYA. 189 
263. Fuligula cristata. Tufted Scaup-Duck. 
Male seventeen inches long, with the bill broad, enlarged 
toward the end, an inch and eight-twelfths long, eleven- 
twelfths and a half in breadth, leaden-grey, with a terminal 
black band, including the unguis ; feathers of the head elon- 
gated into a large decurved crest ; the head and upper part of 
the neck purplish-black ; the upper parts black, obscurely and 
minutely dotted with white ; a white band from the fourth 
primary to the tenth secondary, the tips black, the breast and 
sides white ; hind part of abdomen and lower tail-coverts 
dusky ; tail greyish-black, of fourteen feathers ; iris bright 
yellow. Female much smaller, with the crest shorter ; the 
head and upper neck brownish-black ; the upper parts black- 
ish-brown, more faintly dotted with whitish ; the breast 
white ; the sides and lower fore-neck dusky brown, the fea- 
thers edged with whitish ; hind part of abdomen and lower 
tail-coverts dusky, variegated with whitish ; iris pale yellow. 
Young similar to the female, but with the bill and feet darker, 
the plumage more brown ; a white patch on each side before 
the eye, and a triangular whitish spot on the chin ; the iris 
yellowish- white. 
Male, 17 ? 30, 8j, 1 T S ¥ , 1 T 2 2 , 2 T \, T %. Female, 15, 28. 
The Tufted Scaup-Duck arrives in October, and departs in 
April. It is generally dispersed, frequenting lakes, pools, 
marshes, and the still parts of rivers, where it feeds chiefly on 
insects, testaceous mollusca, and worms, for which it dives. 
It is also sometimes met with in estuaries and on the open 
sea. It is more common in the southern than in the northern 
parts of Britain. 
Tufted Duck. Black Duck. Black Wigeon. 
Anas Fuligula, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. 543. — Anas Fuligula, 
Lath. Ind. Ornith. ii. 863. — Anas Fuligula, Temm. Man. 
d’Ornith. ii. 873. — Fuligula cristata, Tufted Scaup-Duck, 
MacGillivray, Brit. Birds, v. 
GENUS CXXXIY. AYTHYA. POCHARD. 
The Pochards differ from the Scaup-Ducks in no other 
essential respect than in having the bill narrower and more 
elongated, and the membrane of the hind toe of less breadth. 
The body is very large, full, and depressed ; the neck mode-* 
