FULIGULINiE. ATTHYA. 
191 
264. Aythya rufina. Red-crested Pochard. 
Male twenty-one inches long, with the bill two inches and 
two-twelfths long, rather narrow, bright red, with the unguis 
white ; feathers of the upper part of the head and nape elon- 
gated ; head and upper neck brownish-red ; lower part of neck, 
breast, and abdomen, black ; back, wings, and tail, light 
brown ; sides of the body, outer secondary quills, anterior edge 
of the wing, and an oblong spot on each shoulder, white. 
Female with the bill bright red ; the upper part of the head 
and nape deep brown ; the throat, cheeks, and sides of the 
neck greyish-white ; the upper parts brown ; the lower fore- 
neck and sides mottled with brown ; the lower parts brown- 
ish-white. 
Male, 21, . . , 2 T ^-, 10, ly%. 
This species is said to inhabit more especially the eastern 
parts of the north of Europe, migrating southward in autumn. 
A few individuals have been shot in England. 
Anas rufina, Gmel. Syst. Nat. i. 541. — Anas rufma, Lath. 
Ind. Ornith. ii. 870. — Anas rufina, Temm. Man. d’Ornith. ii. 
864. — Aythya rufina, Red-crested Pochard, MacGillivray, 
Rrit. Birds, v. 
265. Aythya Ferina. Red-headed Pochard. 
Male eighteen inches long, with the bill rather narrow, two 
inches in length, of the nearly uniform breadth of eight- 
twelfths, black at the base and tip, dull light blue elsewhere ; 
feathers of the head short ; head and upper half of the neck 
brownish-red ; lower part of neck and hind part of back 
brownish-black ; back greyish-white, minutely undulated with 
dark grey ; secondary quills ash-grey ; lower parts greyish- 
white, minutely undulated ; hind part of abdomen and lower 
tail-coverts dusky ; tail greyish-brown, of fourteen feathers. 
Female with less blue on the bill, the head and hind-neck 
reddish-brown ; the fore part of the cheeks paler ; the lower 
part of the neck all round and the back greyish-brown, the 
latter obscurely undulated with white ; the rest as in the 
male, but duller, and the sides dusky. Young like the fe- 
male. 
Male, 18, 25j, 8j, 2, l x s ¥ , 2 T V, T 5 ir- Female, 17, 24. 
The Red-headed Pochards arrive on our coasts in the end 
of October, some betaking themselves to marshes and pools, 
others remaining in the bays and estuaries. They feed chiefly 
