FIELDFARE. 
179 
* footed before the whole length of the toes, as in the ducks ; others 
only half the length of the toes, like the avoset. Some again have all 
four toes webbed, as in the cormorant ; others whose feet are furnished 
with a fin-like membrane on each side of the toes ; these are either 
plain, as in the grebe, or lobed, as in the coot and phalarope. There are 
also some who swim and dive well, whose toes are long and slender, and 
not furnished with webs or fins, such as the water-hen and rail ; but these 
live as much on land as in water. The gulls and terns, although web- 
footed, seem incapable of diving ; the latter, indeed, we never observed 
to settle on the water ; the former is so buoyant that it floats elegantly 
on the surface. The avoset, whose feet bespeak it an inhabitant of the 
water, does not seem to have the power of swimming ; the water-ouzel, 
on the other hand, has not the least appearance of an aquatic, nor can 
it swim ; but it will dive, and remain a long time under water. The 
serrated claw in the heron and nightjar is a singular structure, which 
we have not discovered the use of. The bill as well as the feet of 
birds, makes one of the strong natural divisions ; but these are de- 
scribed under the head of each genus. 
FELTYFARE. — A name for the Fieldfare. 
FEN GOOSE. — A name for the Goose. 
FERN OWL. — A name for the Night Jar. 
FERRUGINOUS DUCK. — *A variety of the White Eye, described 
by Montagu as a distinct species.* 
FIELD DUCK. — A name for the Little Bustard. 
FIELDFARE (^Turdus pilaris, Linnaeus.) 
Turdus pilaris, Linn. Syst. 1. p. 291. 2 Faun. Suec. No. 215. — Gmel. Syst. l.p. 
807. — Lath. Ind. Orn. 1. p. 330. sp. 11. — Raii, Syn. p. 64. A. 3 Will. p. 38. 
t. 37 — La Litorne, Bujf. Ois. 3. p. 301. — Temm. Man. d’Orn. 1. p. 163. — 
Fieldefare, orFeldefare, Br. Zool. 1. No. 106 Ib. fol. 90. t. P. 2. f. 1 Arct. 
Zool. 2. p. 340. A. — Will. (Angl.) p. 18. t. 37. — Albin, 1. t. 36 Hayea Br. 
Birds, t. 31. — Lewin’s Br. Birds, 2. t. 60. — Lath. Syn. 3. p. 24. 11. — Pult. Cat. 
Dorset, p. 10.~— Wale. Syn. 2. t. 200. 
Provincial, — Pigeon Fieldfare. Felty-fare. 
This species of thrush is in size between that of the missel and the 
throstle ; length ten inches ; weight four ounces. The bill is yellowish, 
black at the point; irides hazel; the head and hind part of the neck 
cinereous, the first spotted with black ; the back and lesser coverts of 
the wings chestnut-brown ; rump ash-colour; quiU-feathers dusky brown, 
with paler edges ; the fore part of the neck, breast, and sides, yellowish, 
streaked with dusky ; throat white ; belly and vent the same ; tail 
dusky black ; the middle feathers dashed with cinereous ; legs black. 
The female has less of the rufous tinge on the breast ; in other re- 
spects like the other sex. 
N 2 
