STOMACH OF BIRDS. 
497 
Six of this species were shot out of seven in a flock, in the month 
of April, at the verge of a lake not very distant from Farnham, in 
Surrey. One of these was preserved by the late Rev. Mr. White, of 
Selborne, and is now (1802) in the possession of Mr. White, in Fleet 
Street, where we saw it. This bird is wholly white, except the wings 
and back, as far as the rump, which is black. Of this bird there is a 
good figure in White’s Natural History of Selborne, who says it 
weighed, when drawn and stuffed with pepper, four ounces and a 
quarter. 
This is a rare bird in England, but Latham informs us it is sufficiently 
plentiful in the East and West Indies, in Egypt, on the shores of the 
Caspian Sea, and in the warmer parts of America. Specimens received 
from the two first places, had the crown and all the hind part of the 
neck black. A variety of this species is given by Latham in his 
Supplement. One of this rare species was shot in Anglesea, in 1793. 
STINT. — A name for the Dunlin. 
STOCK DOVE {Colwmba jEnas, LiNNiEus.) 
*Columba Ailnas, Linn. Syst. 1. p. 279. 1. B. — Gniel. Syst. 1. p. 769. sp. 1. — Lath. 
Ind. Orn. 2. p. 589. sp. 1. — Briss. Orn. 1. sp. 5. — Baii, Syn. p. 62. A. 10. — - 
Will. p. 136. t. 35. — Colombe colombin, Temm. Pig. et Gall. 1. p. 118. — lb. 
edit, fob pi. 11. — Ih. Man. d’Orn. 2. p. 445. — Holtz Taube, Bechst. Natuig. 
Dent. 3, p. 957. — Meyer, Tasschenb. Deut. 1. p. 287 Frisch, Vdg. t. 139 
Derbosli Duif, Sepp. Yog. 5. t. p. 407. — Stock Pigeon, Br. Zool. 2. App. — 
Arct. Zool. 2. p. 329. A. — Will. (Angl.) p. 185. — Lath, Syn. 4. p. 604. 1. — Ib. 
Supp. p. 197. — Selby, pi. 56 *. fig. 1. p. 290. 
There can be little doubt, I think, that notwithstanding all the 
pains and care which Montagu took upon this subject, he confounded 
this species with the rock dove, (^Columha livia, Brisson,) the dis- 
tinctive mark of which is two black bands crossing the closed wings, — 
a constant character never seen in the Stock Dove ; while the latter, 
also, is from one to two inches longer in the body. See Ring Dove.* 
STOCK OWL. — A name for the Eagle Owl. 
STOCK PIGEON. — A name for the Stock Dove. 
STOMACH OF BIRDS. — The Stomach of Birds forms them into 
two distinct natural classes : those with cartilaginous stomachs, covered 
with very strong muscles, called a gizzard ; and those with membra- 
naceous stomachs, more resembling that of carnivorous quadrupeds. 
The former is given to birds whose principal food is grain and seeds of 
various kinds, or other hard substances that require much friction to 
comminute, to assist which, gravel is necessary ; the latter is given to 
birds which feed upon flesh or fish, and whose digestion is accelerated 
more by the gastric juice than by the action of the stomach. Those of 
the first class digest or retain every substance swallowed ; and those 
K Iv 
