520 
TUFTED DUCK. 
effected, and the nests belonging- to the two pairs of birds were taken, 
each with four eg-gs. The materials with which the nest is made, are 
the same as those commonly used by the house sparrow, chiefly hay and 
feathers. The eggs are also similar to those of that bird, but smaller, 
weighing from thirty-four to forty-one grains.* 
TRINGA (Brisson.) — * Sandpiper, a genus thus characterised. 
Bill of middle size, or long, very slightly arched ; bent at the point, or 
straight, soft and flexible in its whole length, compressed at the base, 
depressed, dilated, and obtuse at the point ; both the mandibles fur- 
rowed as far as the point ; nostrils at the sides conical, pierced in the 
m^embrane which covers the nasal groove in all its length ; legs slender, 
naked above the knee ; three toes before, and one behind ; the fore toes 
entirely divided; in a small number, the middle toe and the outer 
reunited by a membrane ; hind toe jointed upon the shank ; wings 
of middle size, the first quill the longest.* 
TUFTED DUCK (^Fuligula cristrata, Stephens.) 
* Anas Fuligula, Liwn. Syst. 1. p. 207. 15. — Gmel. Syst. 11, p. 543. — Lath. Ind. 
Orn. 2. p. 868. 90. — Will. p. 280. t. 73. — Temm. Man. d’Orn. 2. p. 873. — 
Anas Scandica, Gmel. Syst. j. p. 520. 88. — Anas cristrata, llaii, Syn. p. 142. 
A. 7.- — Glaucium minus, BiHss. 11. p. 411. 26. t. 37. 1. — Ib. 8vo. 2. p. 469. — 
Nyroca Fuligula, Flem. Br. Anim. p. 122. — Star. degl. ucc. 5. p. 594 Morillon, 
Buff. Ois. 9. p. t. 227. 231. t. 15 Tufted Duck, Br. Zool.2. No. 274. Ib. fol. 
153. — Arct. ZooL 2, p.573. G. — Albin, 1. 1 . 95. — Will. (Angl.) p. 365. t. 73. — 
Haye’s Br. Birds, t. 26. — Lath. Syn. 6. p. 540. 79. — Pult. Cat. Dorset, p. 20. 
— Wale. Syn. 1. t. 78. — Lewin’s Br. Birds, 7. t. 257.— TFi/s. Amer. Orn. 8. pi. 
60. 67. 5. — Linn. Trans. 6. p. 515 Mont. Orn. Diet. — Lapmarck Duck, Lath. 
Syn. 6. p. 515. — Brown Duck, Pehn. Arct. Zool. Q. 
This species weighs about twenty-five ounces ; length seventeen 
inches ; the bill is near two inches long, of a bluish lead-colour, broadest 
towards the point ; nail black ; irides black yellow ; the head, neck, 
upper part of the breast, and whole upper part of the body, black ; the 
two first tinged with changeable violet and green ; on the back of the 
head a pendant crest of very narrow feathers, sometimes two inches 
long ; the back and scapulars are very minutely speckled with grey, not 
distinguishable at a small distance ; the three or four first greater quills 
black on their outer webs, the rest more or less white towards the base ; 
the secondaries, except four or five next the body, white, tipped with 
black, and slightly edged with the same ; lower breast and belly glossy 
white ; above the thighs, and behind the vent, black ; the tail is some- 
what cuneiform, and consists of fourteen black feathers ; the whole 
upper parts of the bird have a slight tinge of violet, when viewed in 
some particular lights ; legs and feet dusky black. 
This bird is subject to much variety in size and colour ; it will some- 
times v/eigh as much as thirty-one ounces, others not above twenty- 
