134 
SAXICOLIN^. FRUTICICOLA. 
GENUS XL. FEUTICICOLA. BUSHCHAT. 
Bill short, straight, slender, depressed at the hase, com- 
pressed toward the end ; upper mandihle with its dorsal line 
declinatOj and nearly straight, the ridge narrow at the hase, 
and continuing rather sharp to the end, the notches small, the 
tip narrow, deflected, rather acute ; lower mandihle with the 
angle moderate, the dorsal line nearly straight, the edges in- 
flected, the tip narrowed to a hlunt point ; the gape-line 
straight. Mouth rather wide ; tongue short, sagittate, emar- 
ginate and papillate at the hase, rather narrow, concave 
above, bristly on the edges, with the tip slit ; oesophagus of 
moderate width, nearly uniform ; proventriculus oblong ; sto- 
mach of moderate size, roundish-elliptical, compressed, its 
lateral muscles rather thick, the epithelium dense and longi- 
tudinally rugous ; intestine of moderate length and width ; 
coeca very small, oblong. Eyes of moderate size. Nostrils 
small, elliptical, direct, pervious, in the fore part of the large 
nasal membrane, which is anteriorly bare. External aper- 
ture of ear large and roundish. Head rather large, ovate, 
and convex above ; neck short ; body compact. Legs of mo- 
derate length, slender ; tarsus much compressed, covered an- 
teriorly with a long plate and four anterior scutella ; toes ra- 
ther short, slender, the second and fourth about equal ; the 
first longer, and stoutest, the third and fourth united as far 
as the second joint of the latter ; claws long, moderately 
arched, extremely compressed, laterally grooved, extremely 
acute. Plumage soft and blended ; bristles rather large, 
wings short, broad, convex, with eighteen quills ; the first ex- 
tremely small, the fourth longest, but the third and fifth 
scarcely less ; tail short, nearly even. 
The species of this genus frequent bushy places, perching 
on the twigs or on stones, whence they sally forth in pursuit 
of insects, and often hover in search of them. They nestle 
on the ground among shrubs. The two which occur in Bri- 
tain are found chiefly on heaths, commons, and wastes over- 
grown with juniper, furze, brambles, sloes, and other shrubs. 
71. Fruticicola Bubetra. Whin Bushchat. 
Male with the upper parts light yellowish-red, streaked 
