192 EMBERIZIN^. PLECTROPHANES. 
three outer tail-feathers nearly white. Female in winter si- 
milar to the male, but darker, and with more reddish-brown 
on the head and breast, and less white on the wings. Male 
in summer, with* the head, neck, lower parts, and a patch on 
the wings pure white, the rest black. Female in summer 
with the same parts white, but the head, cheeks, and a band 
on the neck tinged with reddish ; the black feathers of the 
upper parts edged with reddish-white. Young male and fe- 
male in winter, with the head dark reddish-brown, the upper 
parts yellowish-brown spotted with brownish-black, the lower 
parts dull white, the fore-neck, breast, and sides tinged with 
reddish-brown ; the male with the small wing-coverts reddish- 
white, while in the female they are dusky. 
Male, 13, -kh iV? Female, 6:|^, 12^. 
The Snowflakes arrive in the end of September and begin- 
ning of October, and extend from the north of Scotland to the 
south of England, remaining until the end of Spring, when 
they return to the Arctic regions. It is probable, however, 
that some breed in the Grampians, as I have seen in the be- 
ginning of August several individuals there, and a family of 
eight individuals on Loch-na-gar. In winter they frequent 
the shores of the sea and their vicinity, and in flne weather 
betake themselves to the interior. They fly somewhat in the 
manner of Larks, run with great celerity, feed on seeds of va- 
rious kinds, and insects or pupse. 
Snow Bunting. Snowflake. Snow-fowl. Oat-fowl. 
Emberiza nivalis, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. 308. — Emberiza ni- 
valis, Temm. Man. d’Ornith. i. 319. — Plectrophanes nivalis, 
Snow Lark-Bunting, or Snowflake, MacGillivray, Brit. Birds, 
i 460. 
119. Plectrophanes LAPPONic A. Lapland Lark- 
Bunting. 
Male in winter with the top of the head black spotted with 
red, the fore part of the neck greyish-white spotted with black, 
the wings with two transverse white bands. Female with the 
top of the head reddish-grey, spotted with black ; the throat 
white ; the breast grey, spotted with black. Male in summer 
with the top of the head, the cheeks, fore neck, and part of 
the breast pure black, the lower parts white. 
IVTsilpiBS ^10_6_ 15 7 
male, Oj^-, - j2? 24 ^ 24* 
This species, which, like the last, inhabits the northern re- 
gions of both continents, migrating in autumn into the tem- 
perate parts, is of very rare occurrence in Britain. The first 
