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INDIAN FRESH-WATER FISHES. 
GENUS LABEO. 
This is also a large genus, containing several fine 
species, such as the Koho, which are of considerable 
importance as an article of food. 
It is essentially a tropical genus, being found only 
in tropical Africa and the East Indies. 
The mouth is differently formed from that in the 
genus Barbus. It opens downwards, not forwards, 
being situated on the lower surface of the snout ; the 
lips are thick and fleshy, one or both lips having an 
inner transverse fold, which is covered with a horny 
substance. 
The barbels are small, either one pair or two, those 
at the corners of the mouth are more or less hidden 
in a groove. 
The rays of the dorsal fin vary considerably. Dr. 
Gunther has divided the Labeos into two genera, 
according as there are more than twelve rays or less 
than 13 in the dorsal fin, forming the latter into the 
genus Tylognathus. 
I lately had brought to me about a dozen specimens 
of Labeo ricnorhynchus , of these about half had 
twelve rays (3-)- 9), and the remainder thirteen (3-j-10), 
in the dorsal fin ; in all other respects they were 
similar. As Dr. Gunther himself acknowledges the 
divison to be an artificial one, it will perhaps be better 
for our purposes to class them all as Labeo. 
The snout projects over the mouth, and has some- 
times a lateral lobe, or projection, on each side, in 
form something similar to the nose of a dog. 
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