GEOaRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION. 
Moll. 25 
freshwater species collected partly by members of the expedition of the 
cutter ‘ Violante,’ partly by Prof. Bellucci in the Regency of Tunis ; 27 
of them are not contained in Bourguignat’s paper of the same subject of 
1868. The whole fauna agrees very much with that of Algeria and 
Morocco. Ann. Mus. Genov, xv. pp. 239-282, with woodcuts of 3 new 
species. 
Egypt and Ahyssinia. Some new species by Bourguignat, Descrip- 
tions de diverses especes terrestres et fluviatiles, &c., 1879. ' 
10. Tropical and Southern Africa, 
Zanzibar and Senegal. New species by Bourguignat, 1. c. 
Usamhara Country. 12 terrestrial and 3 freshwater species, including 
7 new, by A. E. Craven, P. Z. S. 1880, pp. 216-219, pi. xxii. 
Ujiji and Lake Tanganyika. 8 terrestrial and 13 freshwater species, 
including two genera, Tiphohia and Neothauma (see Melaniido’., Palu- 
dinidai), and 9 species new, and also an JStheria] E. A. Smith, P. Z. S. 
1880, pp. 344-352, pi. xxxi. [the land shells belong to well-known forms 
distributed over a large part of Tropical Africa, but among the freshwater 
shells there are several very remarkable ; Melania tuherculata is not 
among them]. 10 more new species from Lake Tanganyika, including 
the new genera Neothauma and Syrnolopsis, both Melaniidce, and several 
new species of land shells from between the lakes and the east coast, 
collected by J. Thomson, E. 0. Hore, and Dr. J. Kirk, described by E. A. 
Smith, Ann. N. H. (5) vi. pp. 425-430. 
Mauritius, Reunion, Rodriguez, and Seychelles. 150 land, 23 freshwater 
species, and 21 from brackish water, enumerated, with their literature. 
Only 3 terrestrial species occur also in other parts of the world, and are 
probably introduced in these islands; 4 freshwater species are also Indian, 
4 are also found on the continent of Africa; among the inhabitants of 
brackish water only 3 are hitherto not found in other countries, 11 are 
found also in Polynesia. Generally speaking, the terrestrial fauna is 
peculiar and also special for each island ; the predominating genera and 
subgenera of the freshwater fauna, and the species of the brackish water 
fauna, are ludo-Polynesian rather than African. E. v. Martens, in 
Mobius Beitr. Mecresfaune Maur. pp. 181-215. 
Madagascar. Some new freshwater shells by H. Crosse, J. de Conch, 
xxviii. pp. 140 & 150. 3 new species from Nossi-b4 by A. E. Craven, 
P. Z. S. 1880, pp. 215 & 216, pi. xxii. 
Transvaal. 13 terrestrial and 4 freshwater species, including 9 new, 
and 1, Unio coffer, from the Orange Free State, by A. E. Craven, P. Z. S. 
1880, pp. 614-619, pi. Ivii. 
Algoa Bay, 2, and Natal, 1, new terrestrial species, by Craven, P. Z. S. 
1880, pp. 618 & 619. 
' 11. Southern and Eastern Asia. 
East Indies and S. China. Several new species of Stem thy ra and 
