GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION. 
Moll 31 
4. Bast Coast of North America, 
Some additious to the fauna of the North-eastern coast of America, 
containing species known hitherto from Northern Europe or Greenland, 
by A. E. Verrill, P. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1879, pp. 165-205. 
12 Cephalopods, 187 Gasteropoda, 4 Pteropods, 3 Solenoconchce, and 122 
Bivalves are enumerated in Verrill’s Check List of the Marine Inverte- 
brata from Cape Cod to the Gulf of St. Lawrence. 
Cephalopods of the North-east coast of America ; Verrill, Tr. Conn. 
Ac. V. pp. 177-257, pis. xvii.-xxii. ; Am. J. Sci. (3) xix. pp. 137 & 138, & 
284-295, pis. xii.-xvi. Parasira catenulata (F^r.) was taken in Vineyard 
Sound, Mass., in 1876. 
Remarkable Mollusks from the outer banks off the Southern coast of 
New England; id. Am. J. Sci. (3) xx. pp. 490-493. 
Three European littoral species, viz. : Truncaiella truncatula (Drap.), 
Assiminea grayana (Leach), and Litorina Utorea (L.), found also in 
North America ; id. 1. c. pp. 250 & 251. 
5. Tropical Atlantic. 
Cape Verde Blands and Princess Island^ Gulf of Guinea. Valuable 
notes on 47 species of Bivalves collected there by H. Dohrn, JB. mal. 
Ges. vii. pp. 161-183. 
670 marine species from Cuba (16 Cephalopods, 18 Pteropods, 6 Hetero- 
pods, 435 Gastropods, and 195 Bivalves), from personal observations and 
those made by J. Gundlach, are enumerated by R. Arango y Molina, 
Faun. mal. Cubaua, pp. 145-280. 
W. H. Dall gives a list of 104 genera dredged in the Gulf of Mexico^ 
1877-78, by the U.S. Survey Steamer ‘ Blake,’ indicates their bathymetrical 
range, amounting to 1568 fathoms for Area, Bulla, Gouldia, Limopsis, 
Margarita, and Yoldia, and compares them with the littoral fauna, as 
indicated by C. B. Adams and D’Orbigny. He comes to the following 
conclusions : — A fair proportion, 20 per cent., have a vertical range which 
extends from the true littoral region to the depths of 250-2000 fathoms 
(abyssal region), unlimited by temperatures actually encountered. Of the 
species found in these depths, 10 per cent, may be termed boreal, 13 
tropical, and more than 75 uncharacteristic forms. It is eminently 
probable that the abyssal regions have local faunse proper to their various 
portions, and that there is no universal abyssal fauna, as far as Mol- 
lusks are concerned, although several ubiquitous abyssal species un- 
doubtedly exist. The specific characters of many of the strictly abyssal 
species appear to exhibit a very remarkable degree of variation within 
supposed specific limits; the sculpture of the abyssal forms tends to 
slightness, the shell is thin, pale or colourless, and in spiral shells there is 
a tendency to a knobbing or deuticulation at the suture. Bull. Mus. C. Z. 
vi. pp. 85-93. 
6. Indo- Polynesian Seas. 
■ 1229 marine species of Mollusca from Mauritius, Bourbon, Rodriguez, 
