POLYZOA. 
Moll. 118 
descriptions, taking account not merely of a few salient characters, but of 
all the minor features and varietal modifications of the specific type. 
With a few exceptions, all species are figured, and very satisfactorily. 
Only those species will be mentioned infra^ which have not been described 
before with the same names, or have not been figured before. 
Allman gives an abstract of the observations made by Salensky and 
C. Vogt on Loxosoma, and by Ehlers on Hypopliorella in 1877 [see Zool. 
Rec. xiv. Moll pp. 97 & 98] ; J. L. S. xv. pp. 1-8. 
Repiachoff’s paper on the morphology of the Bryozoa [in Russian] 
has not been accessible to the Recorder. A preliminary note on it, and 
an important correction to his former paper on the development of 
Bowerhankia [Zool. Rec. xvi. Moll p. 106], the pretended mouth not 
leading into the digestive cavity at all, are given by the author in Zool. 
Anz. iii. p. 260 (abstract in J. R. Micr. Soc. iii. p. 611). 
Polyzoa (Thompson, 1830) or Bryozoa (Ehrenberg, 1831) ?. A. 
Waters prefers the latter name, because Polyzoa^ fern, singular, has 
been proposed originally by Thompson as a generic name, nob as a name 
of a higher group ; Ann. N. H. (5) v. p. 34. T. Hincks replies that 
Thompson’s idea in using the word was evidently that of a distinct type 
of structure of animal, in opposition to Hydra, and he consequently uses 
Polyzoa, changed to neuter plural, as the name of the class ; Ann. N. H. 
(5) V. pp. 127-129, & Brit. mar. Polyzoa, introduct. pp. cxxxi.-cxxxiv. 
A further assenting note by R. Jones, Ann. N. H. (5) v. p. 220. Waters 
replies, persisting that Thompson meaUt by “ Polyzoa ” a single polypid, 
and not a class designation ; and urges that Ehrenberg in his first paper 
did not include the Foraminifera within his Bryozoa : Ann. N* H. (5) vi. 
pp. 157 & 158. The same question is also ventilated in a review of 
Hincks’s recent book in Pop. Sci. Rev. April, 1880. 
L. Joliet describes the segmentary organ or vibratile channel of Loxo- 
soma and Pedicdlina ; it is opened internally into the perigastric cavity 
between the oesophagus and rectum, externally on a small prominence 
between the tentacles ; and the movement of its cilia is directed from 
within to without. Perhaps the same structure exists also in Membrani- 
pora and some other ectoproctal Polyzoa, and serves for giving passage 
to the spermatozoids, but in these it is not yet satisfactorily ascertained. 
Arch. Z. exp<^r. viii. pp. 497-512, pi. xxxix. ; abstract in J. R. Micr. Soc. 
(2) i. p. 233. 
Some instances of phosphorescence in Polyzoa mentioned by Hincks, 
1. c. p. cxxxv. 
Embryology. 
Development of the Polyzoa discussed by F. M. Balfour in his 
treatise of Comparative Embryology, vol. i. pp. 242-256 (German Trans- 
lation, pp. 280-296), with woodcuts. 
J. Barrois has observed the metamorphoses of the larva of Escharina, 
and describes it minutely, distinguishing and figuring four stages of the 
larva and seven of the metamorphosis into the fixed, developed, but yet 
simple animal. The invaginated portion of the larva is again evaginated 
