ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY. 
Crust, 10 
the common crayfish, by Chantrans and others, are reported by C, S. 
Bate, Rep. Brit. Ass. 1880, pp. 230-232. 
Abstract of SchObl’s observations on the reproduction and breeding of 
the terrestrial Iscpoda [Zool. Rec. xvi. Crust, p. 38], in J. R. Micr. Soc. 
iii. p. 425. 
For interesting observations concerning parthenogenesis and the rela- 
tive number of males in several species of Cypris^ Candona, and Noto- 
dromus by Weissmann & W. Muller, see infrtl, Ostracoda. 
Laterally hermaphrodite specimen of Cyclops agilis (Koch), normally 
female on the left side and resembling a male on the right, observed by 
H. Reiibeug, Abh. Ver. Bremen, vi. p. 536. 
7 . Development. 
T. Balfour, in bis Treatise on Comparative Embryology, (1880), refers 
to the Crustacea at pp. 380-447. 
Polar globules in the egg of Asellus aquaticus stated to exist by L. F. 
Henneguy, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1880 (Apr.) ; abstract in Ann. N. H. (5) 
vi. p. 465, and in J. R. Micr. Soc. (2) i. p. 42. 
Note on the formation of the blastoderm and the germinal layers in 
Orchestia montagui and mediterranean by AV. Ulianin, Zool. Anz. iii. 
pp. 163-165 ; abstract, J. R. Micr. Soc. iii. p. 946. 
P. Mayer thinks, in opposition to Balfour, that the Zoea does not 
represent the ancestral form of the Decapoda, but is a later acquired stage 
of development, csenogenetic, not palingenetic. MT. zool. Stat. Neap. ii. 
pp. 217-220. 
W. Faxon describes the hatching of Carcinus mcenas (L.), the structure 
of its Zoea and its first moult (pointing out several errors in Spence 
Bate’s paper on its development), and also the Zoea of Panopeus sayi. 
Bull. Mus. C. Z. vi. No. 10, pp. 169-166, pis. 1 & 2. 
J. E. y. Boas describes the larvae of Paloimonetes varians (Leach), 
and their metamorphosis to the adult animal, as well as the mature 
embryos of Pandalus, Hippolyte polaris, A lyheuSy Caridina^ and Pasiphae, 
Dan. Selsk. Skr. (6) i. 2, pp. 50-53, 56, 58, 59, 171, & 172, pi. i. fig. 4, 
pi. ii. figs. 41, & 79 & 80, pi. V. figs. 158-160. 
The development of Paloimonetes varians (Leach) is described by P. 
Mayer ; it is essentially an abbreviation of that of Paloemon. MT. z. 
Stat. Neap. ii. pp. 196-221, pi. x. ; abstract in J. R. Micr. Soc. (2) i. 
p. 41. 
F. Muller has observed that in some freshwater Macruran living in 
the navigable part of the river Itajahy, in Southern Brazil., viz., Atya, 
sp., Leander potitinga, and Palcemon, spp., the young are hatched in the 
stage of Zoea, like the marine Macrura ; but that in Crustacea living in 
rivulets, viz., 2'richodactylus, uEglea, aud Palcemon potiuna, the develop- 
ment is abbreviated, the young being hatched in a much more advanced 
state ; the eggs in the last Palcemon are much less numerous, 20 instead 
of 1200 in the river species ; the young, when first hatched, are 5 millim. 
long, they moult thrice within four days, and before they take food, have 
the habits and movements of the adult, and become mature for generation 
