122 Ins, 
LEPIDOPTERA. 
external structure, illustrating many species belonging to the genera 
Ilestia, Ideopsis, Ileliconius, Cocytia^ Fhcegorista, and Castnia, the last 
being divided into smaller genera. 
Burgess, E. The structure and action of a Butterfly’s Trunk. Am. 
Nat. xiv. pp. 313-319, woodcuts. 
The proboscis of Danaus archippus is described as a typical example. 
Butler, A. G. On synonyms of Hetevocevom Lepidoptera. Tr. E. Soc. 
1880, pp. 55-57. 
Synonymic notes, not admitting of abridgment, on a number of Bom- 
hyces {LithosiidcB, &c.) described by Snellen & Moschler. 
. A Butterfly. Sci. for All, 1880, pp. 65-72, woodcuts. 
A good popular account of the general structure of butterflies. 
Cholodkowsky, N. Ueber die Hoden der Schmetterlinge. Zool. Anz. 
iii. pp. 115-117, 214, & 215. 
There are four types of testes in Lepidoptera : — 
I. Two placed close together (Hepiolus, which exhibits the original 
type of the organs). 
II. Two simple testicles {Pygcera anacTioreta). 
III. One testicle in a capsule (unconnected with it, and apparently 
analogous to the scrotum of vertebrate animals) which is con- 
stricted in the middle {Lycmna cegon).\ 
IV. One simple testicle (Pirns, Vanessa^ Argynnis^ &c.). 
The internal structure of all these forms are very similar, as each seminal 
vessel consists of four tubes, even in the larva and embryo. 
Darwin, C. The sexual colours of certain Butterflies. Nature, xxi. 
p. 237 ; Kosmos, vii. pp. 72-74. 
The male probably displays his bright colours to the female by inherited 
instinct. 
Distant, W. L. The Natural Classification and Geographical Distribu- 
tion of Butterflies. Rep. Dulwich Soc. iii. pp. 45-48. 
A popular lecture. 
Edwards, W. H. Experiments upon the effect of cold applied to chry- 
salids of Butterflies. Psyche, iii. pp. 1-4, 15-19, 75, 76. 
Relates chiefly, but not exclusively, to Papilio ajax. 
Fletcher, J. Nature-printed Butterflies. Canad. Ent. xii. pp. 1-3. 
Hess, W. Bilder aus dem Leben schadlicher und niitzlicher Insecten. 
Die Schmetterlinge. Leipzig: 1880, p. 200. 
[Not seen by the Recorder.] 
Kirby, W. F. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera {Rhopalocera, Sphingidce, 
CastniidWy and Uraniidce) in the Museum of Science and Art, 
Dublin, with remarks on new or interesting species. P. R. Dubl. Soc. 
(2) ii. (April, 1880) pp. 292-340. 
. Introductory Papers on Lepidoptera. Nos. xv. & xvi. Nympha- 
lid(je — Nymphalinoi (Cyrestis to Hypolimnas). Ent. xiii. pp. 5-7, 
266, & 267. 
