7 Bell. 
ECHINODERMATA. 
fauna may be traced up to the tertiary strata ; and, further, these strata 
contain no fossils yet found in extra-tropical tertiary deposits; the 
tropical oceanic fauna was, therefore, in the tertiary epoch, quite as dis- 
tinct as at the present day. ' 
On Pliocene Echinoidea, see Manzoni, Atti Soc. Tosc. iv. 2. 
On recent and fossil Echinids, see Do Loriol, Bull. Ass. Sci. Fr. viii. 
pp. 650-654. 
The sixth fasciculus of the ‘ Illchinides fossiles de I’Algerie (Cotteau, 
Peron & Gauthier) deals with the ‘ Etage bathonien.’ 
P. de Loriol, Monog. des l^chinides contenus dans les Couches Num- 
mulitiques de I’Egypte, Mem. Soc. Phys. Genev. xxvii. pp. 59-148, 
pis. i.-xi., describes twenty-four new species ; there are remarks on the 
characters of Comely pens ^ and the discovery in it of a masticatory appa- 
ratus (pp. 75-78) : EchinolampaSy with which he would associate Valceo- 
lampas (pp. 88 & 89) ; a summary of the species is given on p. 142 ; only 
four of the forty-two are regular, whereas of living Mediterranean forms 
nine out of eighteen are regular; all but eight are peculiar to the 
Egyptian fauna. 
The same author, op. cit. xxvi. i. pp. 73-83, gives a list of the Echino- 
derms collected by Favre in the Crimea ; some are figured. 
Fuchs, SB. Ak. Wien, 1880, pp. 97-101, 1 pi., describes as new the 
following Echinids from tertiary strata of Persia : — 
^ Ccelopleurus tietzii : Psammechinus affinis and Euspatangus sioJeutensis. 
On the Echinids of the ‘ !^tage Cenomanien,’ see Cotteau, Bull. Ass. Sci. 
Fr. viii. pp. 655-660 ; and on Tertiary Echinida of Belgium, id. C. R. 
xci. pp. 220-222. 
ASTEROID EA. 
Brisinga americana, sp. n., off Nova Scotia, 175 faths. ; Verrill, Am. J. 
Sci. (3) xix. p. 139. 
Asterias palceocrystallus, Sladen, is a Pedicellaster ; Ann. N. H. (5) v. 
pp. 216 & 217. 
Leptasterias hard, sp. n., Rathbun (31). 
Hymenodiscus agassizi, Perrier (30), g. & sp. nn., from Dominica ; disk 
very thin, and without any regular skeleton, distinctly separated from 
the arms, which are elongated and flexible. Stomach lodged in a cavity 
of about the thickness of a sheet of paper. No genital glands in the 
arms, and no stomachal coeca ; allied to the Asieriidm by the characters 
of its pedicellarim. 
Zoroaster sigsbeei and Z. ackleyi, spp. nn., Perrier (30). 
Verrill, Am. J. Sci. (3) xx., describes, all from the southern coast of 
New England : — 
Asterias tanneri^ sp. n., p. 401. 
Or/o/z/asier, g. n., p. 402. “ Form and appearance Yike Archaster ] two 
rows of marginal plates ; dorsal surface with paxilloa ; ventral plates 
polygonal, spinulose. Each jaw bears a large, strong, sharp, erect or 
everted tooth, outside of the marginal spinules.” For 0. hispidus, sp. n. 
Archaster americanus and A. agassizi, spp. nn., pp. 402 & 403. 
