RHIZOPODA. 
Prot. 13 
Splienoderia macrolejnSy Leidy, P. Ac. Philad. 1879, p. 162, Swamp, 
New Jersey, IT. S. 
CochUopodium echinatum^ Korotneff, (5) p. 480, pi. xxxv. fig. 9. Differs 
in characters from those assigned to the genus by Hertwig, in the absence 
of internal vacuoles and the presence of spinous processes on the test. 
" Lithamceha^ Lankester, Q. J. Micr. Sci. xix. p. 484. Based on L. discus^ 
id. ihid. pi. xxiii. Discoid, the outer margin transparent ; towards the 
centre a number of minute subreniform concretions of unknown com- 
position. Nucleus large, block-like, lying within a distinct membrane. 
A central contractile vacuole. Protoplasm vacuolar ; a delicate surface 
cuticle ; pseudopodia lobose, hernia-like, rapturing the cuticle. Allied to 
Pelomyxa. From pond near Birmingham. 
Longicauda^ Korotneff, (5) p. 470. Based on L. amoehina, id. ihid. 
pi. xxxv. figs. 3-6, marsh-water. Not closely allied to any described 
form. Thin hyaline ectoplasm, reniform nucleus, posterior contractile 
vacuole ; has tail composed of three processes, much branched, of about 
the same length as the body, with firm investment, tending to become 
constricted like a necklace ; movements rapid. 
Trichamoiha lieberkuehni, Maggi, Boll, scient. i. p. 108 [not seen by the 
Recorder]. 
Amoeba muris and ranarum, Grass! {anted, p. 1). 
General Anatomy and Physiology. 
Chemical composition of the Rhizopod test given by Butscult, (3) 
p. 21. The organic substance appears to him to be confined to the lining 
of the surfaces and canals, though this may not hold in all cases. The 
brown colour of the thin sections of tests of the Imperforata is due to 
the presence of microscopic cavities, not to a contained organic basis. A 
full discussion of the structure of the test is given, pp. 18-35. The geo- 
metrical and morphological relations of the test are treated of at great 
length, pp. 35-95. The forms are classified as, (a) Homaxonal, (b) Mon- 
axonal, (c) Polythalamous. Structure of soft parts, pp. 95-125. Rela- 
tion of soft parts to the test, p. 125. The latter probably increases in 
thickness by additions from the exterior. Great importance is not attached 
to the influence of external conditions, such as presence of foreign 
material, on the structure of the test. With regard to the reproductive 
processes, the production of true ova has not yet been established, but 
naked or testaceous embryonic forms may be produced in numbers 
directly from the maternal organism. Simple fission occurs in the 
marine shelled forms only as an abnormal process. 
The repetition of chambers in the Folythalamia is not an instance of 
formation of colonies, as the increase in the number of nuclei does not 
proceed in a corresponding ratio ; it is rather to be compared with the 
segmentation of the Metazoa. Encystation has generally for its object 
either self-preservation or assimilation of food ; in but two cases has it 
been found accessory to reproduction. 
The phenomena of conjugation are probably connected in some cases 
with reproduction, but fission has in some cases been confused with it ; 
