6 Crust. 
CRUSTACEA. 
duction of electric currents, discussed by C. Fromman, Jen. Z. Nat. xiv. 
Suppl. i. pp. 113-124. 
The circulatory apparatus of the Isopoda and Ampliipoda is the sub- 
ject of a paper by Y. Delage, who describes the heart, pericardium, 
chief arteries, and interstitial sinuses in the thorax and abdomen, from 
which the blood passes to the gills. In the Amphipoda, the heart is tho- 
racic, in the Isopoda abdominal in position ; and the chief blood-current 
goes from it in opposite direction in these two groups ; but the author 
points to the existence of a series of intermediate forms, and thinks that 
the heart ought to be considered as a portion of a long dorsal vessel, 
which has become contractile in one point ; the opposite directions of the 
currents are the result of the difference in the situation of the heart. 
Arch. Z. exp^r. ix. pp. 1-173, with 12 plates : Isopoda, especially Ani- 
locra^ Conilera^ Paranthura, Sphceroma, Ligia^ Praniza, and Bopyrus, 
pp. 1-87, pis. i.-vii. ; Amphipoda, Talitrus and Corophium, pp. 87-120, 
pis. viii. & ix. ; Caprella and Proto, pp. 120-134, pi. x. ; Tanais, pp. 
134-147, pi. xi. ; systematic comparison of Isopoda and Amphipoda, 
pi. xii. Previous notes by the author in C. R. xciii. pp. 63-66 & 216-218; 
abstract in J. R. Micr. Soc. (2) i. pp. 242, 453, & 732. 
Notes on the heart and vessels of the Copepoda by 0. Claus, Arb. z. 
Inst. Wien, iii. pt. 3, pp. 2-6, pi. i. 
The structure of the gills of Orchestia in comparison with Gammarus, 
is described by 0. Nebeski, Arb. z. Inst. Wien, iii. pt. 2, pp. 20-24, pi. iii. 
figs. 26-31 ; the structure is essentially the same in both, but is much 
more solid and strong in the former, which lives mostly above the level 
of the water. 
4 . Digestion. 
The very greatly developed rectum of Orchestia and its anal glands, 
as well as those of Gammarus, Mcera, Melita, and Nicea, are described by 
O. Nebeski, Arb. z. Inst. Wien, iii. pt. 2, pp. 12-20, pi. ii. figs. 14-20 and 
pi. iii. figs. 21-25. 
The intestinal tract of the Oniscidce, especially Trichoniscus, described 
by M. Weber, Arch. mikr. Anat. xix. pp. 618-622. 
5 , Secretion and Excretion. 
The genera Microdeutopus, Microprotopus, Amphithoe, Podocerus, 
Cerapus, and Corophium, and probably all Corophiidcc, are provided with 
peculiar dark unicellular glands in the second, third, fourth, and fifth 
(rarely also in the sixth) joints of the third and fourth pairs of thoracic 
feet ; the secretion of these glands is used for cementing the free tubes 
in which Cerapus, Unicola, Amp)hithoe, and Podocerus live, or for solidify- 
ing the walls of the mud-holes inhabited by Corophium ; Amphithoe 
penicillata (Costa), longicornis, and longimana (Hllr.), fold the edge of 
the leaves of Ulva longitudinally, and glue it by the same secretion, in 
order to form a hiding-place. Other unicellular glands are more gene- 
rally distributed through the whole body in Orchestia, but their function 
is not known. O. Nebeski, Arb. z. Inst. Wien, iii. pt. 2, pp. 2-12, pi. i., 
and pi. ii. figs. 10-13. 
