6 Ins, 
INSECTA. 
[Holmgren, A. E.] Tradg&rdens skadedjur. Handbok for Landt- 
brukare och Tradgardsodlare. i. Insecten. Forsta Haftet. Stock- 
holm : 1880, 8 VO, woodcuts. 
[Not seen by the Recorder.] 
Hulst, G. D. On the Uses of Cocoons. Bull. Brooklyn Soc. ii. 
pp. 27 & 28. 
The writer regards them as useful to shield the pupa from sudden 
changes of temperature, loss of moisture and vital force, and as a protec- 
tion from enemies. 
Hutton, F. W. Catalogues of the New Zealand Dipteray Orthoptera, 
Hymenoptera\ with descriptions of the species. Wellington: 1881, 
8vo, 132 pp. {Diptera^ pp. 6-70 j Orthoptera^ pp. 71-94; Bymeno- 
ptera, pp. 95-132.) 
Contains reprints of the descriptions of known species, but no new 
ones are described, except in the Diptera. 
Jacoby, M. Entomologische Mittheilungen aus London. Verb. Ver. 
Hamb. iv. pp. 168-176. 
Relates partly to a collector’s difficulties in England, and partly to the 
Entomological Exhibition at the Westminster Aquarium in March, 1878. 
Joseph, 'G. Erfahrungen in wissenschaftlichen Sammeln und Beo- 
bachten der den Krainer Tropfsteingrotten eigenen Arthropoden 
B. E. Z. XXV. pp. 233-282. 
The limestone caverns of Carniola differ in the presence of a stream, or 
of puddles ; the dampness or dryness of the walls ; the presence or absence 
of growth on the latter; and purity of atmosphere, light, temperature, 
and food-productiveness ; and all these conditions react upon their special 
fauna. The most productive caverns are those in which the formation 
of stalactites is still proceeding, where the cavern is damp, and where 
there is a strong current, and where small streams run over the ground, 
or where lakes or pools are present. The various conditions of the 
caverns are discussed, and some of the insects enumerated. In the 
first part of the larger caves, where daylight penetrates more or less, 
open-air and cave species occur in company ; in the middle part of the 
cave, where the light fades away, only cave species are found, many of 
which are blind ; and in the innermost recesses their number becomes 
much reduced. The influences of other conditions on insect life is then 
dealt with, and the first part of the paper concludes with instructions for 
cave collecting. A second part treats of the influence of greater or less 
absence of light on the eyes of insects, &c. ; and a third part is devoted 
to an enumeration of the principal caverns of Carniola, with notices of 
their more interesting insect inhabitants. 
. Innervation und Entwickelungsgeschichte der Spinnorgane von 
Raupen, Blatt- und Schlupfwespenlarven {Hyponomeuta evonymellay 
F., Cladius^ Lyda^ und Microgaster). JB. schles. Ges. Iviii. pp. 
116-118. ^ 
The silk-glands are provided with two nervous systems, one proceed- 
