hiH. 233 
DIPTERA. 
BY ^ 
W. F. Kirby, M.E.S., &c. 
The General Subject. 
Bigot, J. M. F. Dipteres nouveaux ou peu connus. IGe-lS® parties. 
Ann. Soc. Eut. Fr. (6) i. pp. 13-24, 3G3-374, 453-460. 
Includes notes on Nemestrinidcc, Dornhyliidai, Acantliomeridoe, &c. 
Dimmock, G. The Anatomy of the Mouth-parts, and of the Sucking 
Apparatus of some Diptera. Dissertation for the purpose of ob- 
taining the Philosophical Doctorate of the Leipzig University. 
Boston : 1881, 4to, pp. 60, pis. iv. 
After an historical introduction, the writer treats of the anatomy of 
the mouth-parts of Culcx, Domhylius, Eristalis, and 3Insca. He then 
compares the mouth-parts and suctorial apparatus in different families of 
Diptera, and appends a short bibliography. The mouth-parts of Diptera 
are the labrum-epipharynx, the hypopharynx, the mandibles, the maxillae, 
and the labium, the last being the most fully developed mouth-organ in 
Diptera ; it is furnished at the tip with more or less developed labellse, 
on the inner surface of which are the channels termed pseudotracheae. 
Culex is provided with an oesophageal bulb as a sucking apparatus, behind 
the oesophageal ring, a structure not known to exist in any other Diptera. 
. Anatomy of the Mouth-parts, and of the suctorial apparatus of 
Culex. Psyche, iii. pp. 231-241, pi. i. 
An abstract of the preceding work, with additions and alterations, so 
far as it relates to Culex. 
KCnckel d’Herculats, J. Recherches sur TOrganisation etla developpe- 
ment des Dipteres, et en particuliere les Volucelles de la Famille des 
Syrphides. Paris ; 1881, fol. 
To bo completed in three parts, of which only Part 1 and atlas of 
plates to Part 2 have appeared as yet. 
— — , & Gazagnaire, j. Du siege de la gustation chez les Tnsectes 
Dipteres. Constitution anatomique et valeur physiologique de I’epi- 
pharynx et de I’hypopharynx. C. R. xciii. pp. 347-350. 
The epipharynx (or labrum of authors) and hypopharynx are two cen- 
tral chitinous valves, one upper and one lower, situated in the upper 
1881 . [vOL. XVIII.] C 1 
