RHIZOPODA. 
Prot. 23 
from stream near Lindau. Provided with two flagella, and also with 
radiating pseudopodia, resembling closely those of the higher Ileliozoa ; 
the latter may be entirely withdrawn, leaving the animal in a wholly 
Flagellate condition, but the flagella always remain. There is a large 
contractile vacuole, and in the Monad condition an aggregation of trans- 
parent sarcode at the anterior pole. The Heliozoan condition is resumed 
when the animal comes to rest. Food particles are taken in at any point 
in the periphery. The details of the reproduction are not known with 
certainty. 
[^Dimorpha is placed for convenience among the Rhizopoda^ although 
the author considers it as intermediate between that group and the Fla-- 
gellata . — Recorder.] 
General Anatomy and Physiology. 
According to Brady (16), of bottom mud, obtained from a depth of 1862 
fath. near the Faroe Islands, about 4 per cent, was formed by surface 
organisms, while 50 per cent, of the washed material was Biloculina 
ringens, and 20 per cent. Holophragmium suhglohosum. The Biloculina 
tests showed on analysis an absence of phosphates, and of all earthy car- 
bonates except carbonate of lime. To the east of Finmark, Bear Island, 
and Spitzborgou, tho bottom is distinguished by the occurrence of Rhah- 
dammina in such abundance as to form a Rhahdammina-ooze. 
Holophragmium suhglohosum ; analysis of the tests given by Brady 
(16) shows them to be composed of : Silica, 76.1 per cent. ; peroxide of 
iron with alumina, 16.3 per cent. ; and carbonate of lime, 7.3 per cent. 
H. J. Carter, Ann. N. H. (5) vii. p. 364, speaking of Rotalia arenacea, 
considers that every Foramiuifer with a calcareous test may be repre- 
sented by an arenaceous form. 
E. Hacked, SB. Ges. Jena, 1881, p. 35, is reported as making some 
remarks on the bathymetric distribution of the Radiolaria, and the 
relations of their skeleton to this distribution. 
The yellow cells of the Spheerozoidee are, in Brandt’s view, (19) 
p. 396, morphologically and physiologically distinct from the Radiolaria 
which they inhabit. He bases this opinion on the constant characters 
which they exhibit in many very different Radiolaria, and on their ab- 
sence or variation in numbers in individuals of a given species, and on 
their peculiar behaviour towards re-agents. Their containing-membrane 
consists of plant cellulose, and their granules are amyloid : further, they 
live after the death of their host ; they also strongly resemble the Sapro- 
legnious parasite Pythium actinospheerii, found in Actinospheerium eich- 
horni. They are formed into a new genus of Unicellular Algce, Zoo- 
xanthella, by the same author (18) ; those of Collozoum inerme are named 
particularly Z. nutricula, and are probably identical with those of the 
other Folycyttaria, and of many Monocyttaria. 
Actinosphoirium eichhorni. The above-mentioned Saprolegnious para- 
site Pythium, inhabiting the lacunae of this Rhizopod, is described and 
figured in sith and in various stages by Brandt, (19) p. 399, figs. 33-53, 
under the name P. actino splicer ii. 
