PLAQfiLLATA, MONADS, &C. 
ProL 29 
figs. 65-67. Variations in proportions very slight. Skeletal membrane 
quite structureless ; the protoplasm contains diatomin, chlorophyll, and 
starch, and sometimes a few red oil-globules. Fission takes place within 
globular cysts, which contain naked individuals ; probably they have 
become encysted after throwing off the skeletal membrane. 
Glenodinium tabulatum, apiculatum, Ehrb., roseolum, incequale, Schm., 
referred to Peridinium by Maggi, (35). 
Gymnodinium^ (32) pp. 251 & 255, characterized. G. gracile^ p. 251, 
figs. 68 & 69. Protoplasm distinctly divided into ectoplasm and endo- 
plasm ; the former is truly albuminoid, the latter contains no diatomin, 
chlorophyll, or starch, but very frequently remains of other organisms. 
Polykrihos\cricus\ 1. c. pp. 255 & 259, characterized. It is to be con- 
sidered as equivralent to a colony of Gymnodinium. 
Prorocentrum^ (32) pp. 259 & 265, characterized. P. micans, p. 260, 
figs. 56 & 59, is exceptional in its group in being strictly bilaterally 
symmetrical. The skeletal membrane consists of two valves, perforated 
with pores, and is composed of cellulose. The protoplasm contains 
diatomin, chlorophyll, and starch, and has two vacuoles, which are pro- 
bably contractile. 
Transverse striation of flagella in various Flagellata, recorded by 
Kunstler, (34) p. 603. 
Rhipidodendrum splendidum^ Stein, (6) p. 242, from New Jersey. 
Hexamita (probably) described from intestine of patient affected with 
enterocolitis, in Italy ; Gazz. Med. Ital. Lomb. xxxix. p. 286. 
Phacus pleuronectes, Dujardin. Kunstler, (34) p. 605, is able to deve- 
lope a large and brilliant eyespot in this species by exposure to a strong 
light. The spot consists of irregularly pyriform red granules, with a 
turned-up end ; it is their exterior alone which is coloured ; they enclose 
a transparent, refractive lenticular body. The ocular function of the 
organ appears thus established. 
Vampyrella and Nuclearia characterized by Butschli, (20) p. 320. 
Nuclearia delicatula, Cienkowsky, (20) p. 296, note. Includes Hetero- 
phrys varianSy F. E. Schulze, and Heliophrys variahilis, Greef. 
Chlamydomonas pulvisculus has four striated flagella — W. Kunstler, 
(34) — placed round the margins of an opening. The body- walls consist 
of four layers, the deepest of which contains polygonal grains of starch, 
which are almost in contact. The interior of these grains is apparently 
absolutely liquid ; the outer three body-walls layers are finely vacuo- 
lated, the vacuoles being filled with a watery protoplasm. There is a 
stomach, but no oesophageal tube. The contractile vacuole communicates 
with the exterior by a pore which opens into the digestive vestibule. 
The nucleus is vacuolated, and contains nucleoli, each surrounded by 
protoplasm ; the masses thus formed within the nucleus divide, become 
detached from it, and fall into a tube which leads from the bottom of the 
vestibule into au incubating chamber near the nucleus. A mass of 
finely vacuolar protoplasm containing nucleoloid bodies, above the stomach, 
appears to be a male organ. The incubating chamber contains germs in 
various stages of development ; the simplest is a mere nucleolus sur- 
rounded by a layer of protoplasm ; the next an elongated body, in one 
