242 THE BOTANICAL EXCHANGE CLUB OF THE BRITISH ISLES. 
corn, which he ground in his mill ; but next year this plant sprang 
up, which in course of time spread along the small stream side to 
the sea, and also was carried by cattle into an adjoining marsh, 
where it now looks absolutely native. A similar cause is pos- 
sibly the origin of Sisyrvichium californicum at Rosslare, Wexford. 
— G. Claridge Druce. 
Daphne Laureola^ L Lavernock, Glamorgan, v.-c. 41, i6th 
April 1906. N. C. R. — H. J. Riddelsdell. 
Ulmus surculosa, Stokes, var. glabra^ Mill. Baggrave Park, 
Leics. Catkins, i8th May 1906 ; leaves 6th Aug. 1906 (v.-c. 55). 
Little attention seems to have been paid to the variations of our 
British species of ulmus. Locally their distribution has not been 
exhaustively studied. The variety sent seems to be of fairly frequent 
occurrence. Unfortunately it appears to suffer much more than the 
type from the depredations of lepidopterous larvae, the softer nature 
of the leaf affording more congenial palmlum than that of the type 
with its harder and coarser texture and attendant protective covering 
of hair universally distributed over its surface. For this reason the 
young leaves attached to the branches bearing the “ keys ” are 
regrettably imperfect, but the later leaves gathered in August will, it 
is hoped, serve to exhibit the essential characters of the variety. It 
may be of interest to draw attention to the markedly different habit 
of growth of this variety. Unlike the type, which is an erect tree 
with a tall trunk with more or less ascending branches, the glabrous 
form has very much the aspect of U. niontana in the distance, having 
a short bole with branches slightly ascending and then widely 
spreading and occasionally descending. But from the Wych Elm 
this tree can be usually distinguished by its branches being much 
less pendant at their extremity, and from the smaller nature of the 
leaves it is not so dense and does not obscure the objects immedi- 
ately behind it in the field of the observer viewing it from a distance. 
Though these are hardly tangible'distinctions, they serve in the field, 
after a little practice, to distinguish the three plants. The glabrous 
form of the common elm was found to be of quite frequent occur- 
rence in v.-c. 55 when once their distinction in this way was noted. 
— A. R. Horwood. “This plant is the form of campestris which 
lacks the tall straight bole of type ca??ipestris, having instead very long 
spreading branches ; the bark in the suckers and young vigorous 
twigs of 2 — 4 years’ growth is deeply suberous., the leaves are much 
larger and longer in proportion to their breadth than in the type, 
and have a deep green, glossy and smoothed upper surface : it is the 
form of campestris which appears most truly native, growing in 
mountain glens where the type is absent. I call it U suberosa, 
Ehrh., and reserve the name glabra^ Sm., for the ‘ Leicestershire 
Elm,’ a totally different tree.” — A. Ley. 
