64 ZOOLOGICAL LITEllATUllE. 
Cunningham, R. O. On Chionis alba, Journ. Anat. and 
Physiol. Nov. 1869, pp. 87-89, pi. vii. 
A brief description, illustrated by figures, of the principal digestive organs. 
Eyton, T. C. Supplement to Osteologia Avium ; or a Sketch 
of the Osteology of Birds. Wellington, Salop ; 1869. 4to, 
pis. 18. 
Of the plates given, 13 are reprints of the osteological figures contained in 
the author’s ‘ Monograph of the Anatidce, and refer to that family. The 5 
others are new, and represent the skeleton of members of that group also. 
The work to which the whole forms a supplement we i\oticed two years since 
(Zool. Kec. iv. pp. 71, 72). [Cy. Ibis, 1870, p. 260.] 
JoBERT, — . Recherches anatomiques sur Ics glandes nasales 
des Oiseaux. Ann. Sc. Nat. 5e ser. xi. pp. 319-369, 
pis. 8, 9. Abstract in Comptes Rendus, Ixix. p. 1016. 
The secreting-apparatus which covers most of the frontal region and opens 
upon the nasal fossae is more complicated than is usually imagined, and con- 
sists, in the birds examined (certain species of Grallce and Anseres) of two 
pairs of glands having each its own excretory canal. These proceed at first 
side by side j but their course in the nasal fossae becomes very different, and 
their orifices are far apart from each other. The structure of the glands and 
their anatomical relations are described by the author. 
Magnus, H. Physiologisch-auatomischc Studien iiher die 
Brust- und Bauchmuskeln der Vogel. Arch, fiir Anat., 
Physiol, und wissensch. Med. 1869, pp. 207-235, Taf. vii. 
This essay, which obtained the prize of the Medical Faculty at Breslau, 
describes at considerable length the muscles of the breast, including those of 
flight and respiration and of the belly. The illustrations are taken from 
Aquila leucocephala^ Falco apivorus, and F. qjpqargus, Otus vulgaris^ Cuculus 
canoruSj Agelans phosniceus, Columha livia {clomedicd)^ and Sterna hirmdo. 
No generalizations with regard to taxonomy, however, seem to be given. 
Milne-Edwards, a. Recherches Anatomiques, etc. [See 
“ General Subject.^^J 
Murie, James. Note on the Sublingual Aperture and Sphinc- 
ters of the Gular Pouch in Otis tarda, Proc. Zool. Soc. 
1869, pp. 140-142. 
The most complete description of these singular structures 
[cf, Zool. Rec. V. p. 60) that has yet appeared. The pouch 
seems to be an infolding of the membrane below the upper 
larynx, and in a bird six years old attains only a compara- 
tively moderate size : the aperture is rather sublaryngeal than 
sublingual ; and the sphincter is a development of the superior 
constrictor of the pharynx and stylo-pharyngeus, and not a spe- 
cialized structure. 
Seidlitz, Georg. Die Bildungsgesetze der Vogeleier in histo- 
logischer und genetischer Beziehung und das Transmuta- 
tionsgesetz der Organismen. Leipzig : 1869. 8vo, pp. 58. 
