108 
ZOOLOGICAL LITERATURE. 
nected with the shoulder-joint. Trans. Xiinn. Soc. 1869, 
xxvi. pp. 609-630, with a plate. 
Savory, W. S. On the structure of the red Blood-corpuscle of 
Oviparous Vertebrata. Proc. E. Soc. 1869, pp. 346-350. 
Van Bambeke, — . Recherches sur le developpement du Pelo- 
bate brun {Pelobates fuscus ) . Mem. Cour. Ac. Belg. xxxiv. 
pp. 66, with five plates. 
General Notes and Faunae. 
Prof. Peterses researches into the homologies of the auditory 
ossicles have been mentioned in Zool. Record, iv. p. 40, and v. 
p. 117. In another communication (Monatsber. Ak. Wiss. 
Berl. 1869, pp. 6-8), he states that the terminal dilated portion 
of the columella of Tortoises is the malleus, that the malleus 
is connected by a cartilaginous cord with the posterior end of 
MeckePs cartilage, and that a duct by which (as stated by 
Stannius) the pneumatic cavity of the os articulare of crocodiles 
communicates with that of the quadrate bone does not exist. — 
The statements and arguments contained in this and the pre- 
vious papers are controverted by Prof. Huxley (Proc. Zool. Soc. 
1869, pp. 391-407). He describes in detail and figures the 
stapes and the parts connected with it in young crocodiles, 
Hatteria, fowl, and foetal mammal; whilst still maintaining 
that these parts are modifications of the skeleton of the second 
visceral arch, he demonstrates that the incus cannot be the 
homologue of the quadratum (as previously maintained by 
Reichert and himself), but that this bone is represented by the 
malleus. The articulare of lower vertebrates is not preserved in 
mammals ; but the incus is represented in fishes by the hyoman- 
dibular or suspensorial element. 
Algeria. M. Paul Gervaia enumerates the names of 6 Tortoises, 17 Snakes, 
29 Sauriana, and 6 Batrachians as inhabiting Algeria. Zool. & Pal^ont. 
G^ner. s6r. l^e, pp. 199, 200. 
East Africa. On the Reptiles and Amphibians collected by Von der 
Decken, see above under Peters (p. 105) and Zool. Record, iii. p. 121. 
Soidh Africa. Prof. Peters gives a list of 61 Reptiles and Batrachians 
collected by Wahlberg in the Damara-country. (Efvers. Vet. Ak. Fcirhandl. 
1869, pp. 667-662. 
British India. Dr. Gunther enumerates the species contained in two col- 
lections from various parts of India. They were nearly 70 in number, five 
of them new. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, pp. 500-507. 
Massachusetts. Mr. J. A. Allen has given a list of the species inhabiting 
this State, with much information. on their distribution, mode of life, propa- 
gation, &c. The list comprises 8 tortoises, 1 lizard, 16 snakes, 11 frogs and 
toads, and 10 salamanders. Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. xii. 1868 (1869), 
pp. 171-204, 248-260. 
Mexico. Prof. Peters reports on a collection made by Hr. Berkenbusch in 
