REPTltlA. 
119 
Cope osteological characters noticed by him, but which are here 
restricted in their application to the limitation of more subordi- 
nate groups than those for which he uses them. The author 
passes in review the various characters used for the classification 
of these animals, the so-called adaptive characters being re- 
garded by him as less important than those of which the con- 
nexion with physiological functions is at present not apparent. 
The views of the author with regard to the value of these cha- 
racters will be sufficiently explained by the following sketch of 
his arrangement : — 
A. Without maxillary teeth at any time of life, hut with a tongue. 
I. Ear imperfect. 
a. Tongue free in front RniNOPHRYNiDiE. 
b. Tongue fixed in front PHRYNisciDiE. 
a. Phryniscina (Phryn., Peeudophryne, Brachyceph.). 
/3. Hemisina *, 
y. Micrylinn. 
II. Ear perfect. 
a. Sacral vertebra not dilated HyLAPLESiDAS. 
b. Sacral vertebra dilated. 
1. Parotoids Bufonid^e. 
a. Halophrynina. 
(3. Bufonina. 
2. No parotoida. 
a. Tongue free in front Xenorhinid.®. 
)8. Tongue fixed in front Engystomid.®. 
aa. Enyystomina, with coracoids abutting, no precoracoids j no 
arciform cartilages. 
bb. Brevicipitina, with coracoids abutting, precoracoids pre- 
sent ; no arciform cartilages. 
cc. Paludicolinaj with coracoids and precbracoids and arciform 
cartilages. 
B. With maxillary teeth at some time of life, and with a tongue. 
I. Ear imperfect Bombinatorid.®. 
a. Bomhinntorina. 
b. Pelohatina. 
c. Alsodina (Alsodes and Telmatobius). 
d. Cacotina. 
e. Liopelmatma. 
II. Ear perfect, 
a. Parotoids. 
1. Sacral vertebra not dilated Plectromantid.®. 
2. Sacral vertebra dilated. 
oe. No digital disks Alytid^. 
aa. Alytina. 
bb. Scaphiopodina. 
cc. Uperoliina. 
■ 13 . Digital disks Pelodryadid.®. 
* Ought to be Hemisotina. 
