LEPIDOPtERA. 
351 
Lists of Lepidoptera captured in Canada are published in the Canadian 
Entomologist, i., ns follows ; — at Saguenay by W. Saunders, pp. 11-13 ; at 
Amherstburg, Ontario, by E. B. Heed, pp. 19, 20 ; at Ottawa, Rliopalocera^ 
by R. Billings, pp. 46-47. 
Dwarf specimens of Vanensa urticm and Zygmia f Upendules, from the Isle 
of Man, were exhibited at the Entomological Society by H. W. Bates, on 
behalf of E. Birchall (Proc. Ent. Soc. Lond. 18G8, p. 38) ; also dwarfs of V. 
urticfe, by F. Bond {I, c. 1869, p. 49) ; and of V. urtic<E, Smerinthus popidi^ 
Satimiia carpini, and Pygoira hucephala, by W. C. Boyd on behalf of R. L. 
Davis, who had bred them at Waltham Cross in 1808. The opinion of most 
of the members present was that dwarf specimens were caused by rapidity of 
development in unusually hot summers. 
The irregularity in appearance of various Lepidoptera is discussed by J. 
Greene (Entomologist, iv. pp. 260-263) and F. Merrifield (/. c. pp. 276-278). 
Rhopalocera. 
Trimen, in his paper on mimetic analogies among African 
Butterflies (Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. xxvi. pp. 497-522) remarks 
on the remarkable immunity from the attacks of all enemies en- 
joyed by the Danaida;, Heliconiidee, and Acreeidfs. He attributes 
this to the disagreeable odour they emit when handled, accom- 
panied with a discharge of yellow fluid, and sometimes with the 
protrusion of a pair of exsertile organs from the extremity of the 
abdomen. These insects are also remarkable for the extraor- 
dinary toughness and elasticity of all their tissues. He adds in 
a note, This elasticity of structure is not confined to the but- 
terflies in question, being a character of many moths, and 
markedly of some belonging to the families Agaristidce and Zy- 
ganidce. It is remarkable that the three South-African moths 
in which I have found this peculiarity most developed, viz. Pais 
decora, Eusemia euphemia, and Glaucopis formosa, all have a 
strong and offensive odour, emit drops of white or yellow ffuid, 
and are slow-ffying, brightly coloured, and abundant species.^^ 
Trimen thinks that ichneumon-flies are almost the only check 
upon the inordinate increase of the Acrmdm and Danaidce. He 
has seen dragonffies catch butterflies of the more active group 
Pieridte, and neglect the slow-flying Acreeida ; while Bowker, in 
Caffraria, has observed small lizards stalk down Junonia cenone, 
a very wary and active butterfly, and leave the Acrceidae unmo- 
lested. He also discusses the question of the position of the 
family Papilionidce, and agrees with Bates in placing it next to 
the Hesperidce. 
The various African Danaidce and Acrceidce mimicked by 
butterflies of other families are then enumerated, and very 
interesting details arc given as to their distribution, &c., accom- 
panied with a table of species. The final results are summed up 
as follows : — It has been shown (1st) that the mimicking butter- 
flies invariably occur in districts inhabited by the species mi- 
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