630 
ZOOLOGICAL LITEKATIJIIE. 
Theodore Fischer of Cassel. The author gives a detailed histo- 
rical account of our knowledge of this fauna. Nine out of tlie 
198 species have been found in the north only, at Ilakodade; the 
remainder are generally tropical forms ; 52 are peculiar to Japan ; 
21 have also been found in Korea, Mantschuria, or Sachalin, 26 
in China, 76 in the Philippines, 75 in other parts of the Indian 
or Polynesian region. 
Japan. A. Adams gives a list of 68 Japanese species of Veneridae, Ann. 
& Mag. Nat. Hist. iii. pp. 229-236. — Lischke describes several new shells 
fi’om Japan, Mai. Blatt. xvi. pp. 105-109. 
Polynesia, A number of new species from the Polynesian Islands are 
described, and the synonymy of others is corrected, by Win. Harper Pease, 
Am. Journ. Conch, v. pp. 61-87. To conchologists it may be of interest to 
learn that there are three islands called in honour of Lord Hood, and that 
Cuming has collected shells on two of them, one being in the Galapagos, 
the other in the Paumotu group. This has caused some confusion concerning 
the geographical distribution. 
A large number of Polynesian sea-shells, with their localities, are 
enumerated in Schmeltz’s Fourth Catalogue of the Museum Godelfroy at 
Hamburg. 
Australia. Several new Australian sea-shells described by Angas, Proc. 
Zool. Soc. 1869, pp. 45 and 48, pi. 2 ; Cox, ibid. p. 49. The correct localities 
for three Volutes are given by Brazier, ibid. p. 660. Cones of Port Jackson 
enumerated by the same, ibid. p. 561. 
New Caledonia. A list of the species of Cyprcea, and descriptions of several 
new species of this and other genera from New Caledonia, by Crosse in Journ. 
Conch, xvii. pp. 36-50, 16, 177, 178 j by Souverbie, ibid. pp. 418-421. 
Chile. Some sea-shells from Puerto Montt in Southern Chile and from 
Caldeira in Northern Chile, collected by Mr. Fonck, are enumerated by the 
Becorder, Mai. Bliitt. xvi. pp. 218-222 j common to both localities were only 
two species out of 23, Purpura lepas (Gmel.) and P. cassidiformis (Blainv.) j 
among those from Puerto Montt are some hitherto only known from the 
Magellan Straits, as Voluta ancilla (Solander) and magellanica (Chemn.), 
Trophon ladniatus (Martyn), and Patella magellanica (Gmel.). 
d. Immigration and Acclimatization. 
E. Fiuedel considers it probable that Helix pomatia^ adspersa, nemoralis, 
and Cyclostoma elegans have been introduced and acclimatized in the northern 
parts of Europe, especially in Northern Germany. The last-named species 
was brought to Denmark, by the agency of man, in prehistoric and historical 
time. Zeitschrift f. Ethnologie, i. pp. 301-313. 
Helix hortensisy nemor'alisy adspersa, and Stenogyra decollata introduced into 
North America. Binney & Bland, Land and Freshwater Shells of N. America, 
i. pp. 181-183, 228-230. A European species of Snail, probably Helix ad- 
spersa (Miill.), has been introduced by a French gentleman into the gardens 
at Cape Town, where their number increased considerably. Noble, ‘ The 
Cape and its People,' London, 1869, p. 230. 
Helix similaris (F^r.) is stated by A. I). Brown to occur only on the coast 
of Brazil, not in the interior. Journ. Conch, xvii. p. 124. [This agrees with 
