662 
ZOOLOGICAL LITEllATURE. 
GoRGONIDiE. 
Verrill, having critically examined many of the types of 
species described by Esper, Lamarck, V alenciennes, &c., now ar- 
ranges the genera and species as follows : — 
LeptoQorgia (sons, mod.), 1. c, p. 420. 
A. Dicliotomously or arboroscently branched ; branches usually numerous, 
more or less elongated, often virgate, sometimes subpinnate. 
a. Cells not raised on prominent verrucas, flat or slightly elevated. 
Z. vimmalis, E. & II., Mediterranean and Canary Isles j L. rosea (Lam.), 
E. & H., loc. (?), perhaps a variety of the preceding ; L. webbiana, E. & H., 
Canary Isles; L. virgulata, E. & H. viminea'). North Florida to Cape 
Hatteras; L. teres, Verrill, ^‘Bay of New York;” L. virgea, E. & H., An- 
tilles; L. Jtoridana, V., sp. nov., Florida; L. esperi, V. {G. violacea, Esper, 
non Pall.), V., West Indies (?) ; L.f estiva, V. (Pterogorgia f estiva, Duch. & 
M.), Antilles, perhaps the same as the preceding ; L. clavata, V. {Lophogorgia 
clavata, Horn, Proc. Phil. Acad., 1860, p. 233), locality unknown; L. alba 
(Duch. & M.), Verrill {Litigorgia Icevis, V., loc. cit.'), Panama to San Salvador ; 
L.Jlexilis, Verrill {Litigorgia, V., op. cit.). Bay of Panama ; Z. rigida, Ver- 
rill, Bulletin M. C. Z. 1804, San Salvador to Cape St. Lucas and La Paz ; 
L. cuspidata, Verrill, 1865, Zorritos, Peru, to Capo St. Lucas ; L. caryii, Ver- 
rill {Litigwgia fucosa, V., Trans. Conn. Acad. i. p. 404, 1st ed., non Qiyt'gonia 
fucosa, Val), near San Francisco; L. peruana, Verrill {Litigorgia, op. cit.), 
Callao ; L. calif ornica, V. {^Litigorgia, op. cit.). Lower California ; L, sar~ 
mentosa (Esper), Verrill (P Gorgonella sarmentosa, E. & H.), Mediterranean, 
Azores ; L. crista, V. {Lophogorgia crista, Mob.), Africa. 
b. Cells at the summit of distinct verrucee. 
L. pumicea, Verrill {Gorgonia pumicea, Val., E. & II.), Brazil, Rio Janeiro 
(U. S. Expl. Exp.); L. miniata, V. {Gorgonia miniata, Val., E. & II.), An- 
tilles; L. ramidus, V. {Gorgonia ramidus, Val., E. & II.), Zorritos, Peru, to 
Acapulco ; L. pumila, V. {Litigorgia pumila, V., oj). cit.), Zorritos ; L. difftisa, 
V. {Litigorgia diffusa, V., op. cit.), Panama Bay and Corinto, Nic. ; L. hebes, 
V., sp. nov.. Key West, Florida; L. radula, V. {Gorgonia radula, Mob.). 
B. Branches pinnate, bipinnate, or tripinnate, spreading usually in a single 
plane. 
a. Cells scarcely raised on distinct verrucse. 
L. pinnata, V. ( G. pinnata, Linn. ed. x.), Gaboon, West Africa ; L.Jiammca 
(Ellis), V. {Lophogorgia palma, E. & II., non G. palma, Pallas), Capo of 
Good Hope. 
b. Cells on prominent verrucas. 
L.Jiord, V. {Litigorgia Jiorce, V., op. cit.), Pearl Islands, Bay of Panama ; 
L. violacea (Pallas), V. {Pterogorgia petechizans, E. & H. (?), non Pallas), West 
Coast of Africa at Sombrero I. (?) ; L. sanguinolenta, V. {Gorgonia sanguino- 
lenta, Pallas, V., Bull. M. C. Z., non Esper ; G. petechizans (pars) auct.). West 
Indies. 
C. Branches wholly or in greater part reticulated, flabelliform. 
a. Cells not raised on prominent veruccae. 
L. stenobrachis, Verrill {RhipUlogorgia stenobrachis, Val., E. & II,), Zor- 
