668 
ZOOLOGICAL LITEllATURE. 
sp. n., Verrill, 1. c. p. 498, Panama j E. cramiSj sp. 'n., Verrill, 1. e. p. 498, San 
Salvador. 
SCLEROBASICA. 
Aniipathes panamemisy sp. n., Verrill, 1. c. p. 499, Panama. 
SCLEUODERMATA. 
Madreporida. 
Montipora fragosa, sp. u., Venill, 1. c. p. 502, California. 
Pavonia gigantea, sp. n., Verrill, 1. c. p. 394, Pearl Islands, Bay of Panama j 
P. cUvosa, sp. n., Verrill, 1. c. p. 395, same locality as last. 
Astropsa?7imia, g. n., Verrill, /. c. p. 392. Corallum massive, consisting of 
Astraea-like corallites, united quite to their summits by an abundant, very 
porous coenenchyma. Walls scarcely distinct from the ccenenchyma, very 
porous. Septa in four cycles, Tvith some members of a fifth, those of the fourth 
uniting to those of the third. Columella usually well developed, composed 
of loose, convoluted, and twisted lamellae and trabecuhe. Cells at times 
shallow, the interseptal spaces cut off below by thin transverse septa, which 
often nearly coincide in all the chambers. Budding chiefly marginal and 
interstitial. A. pedersmii, sp. n., Verrill, 1. c. p. 392, La Paz, Gulf of Cali- 
fornia. This genus is very remarkable for its abundant coenenchyma, which 
is quite exceptional in the family Eupsammidae. 
Dmdrophyllia mrcularu^ sp. n., Verrill, 1. c. p. 393, Pearl Islands, Bay of 
Panama. 
Paracgathus stearnsii, sp. n., Verrill, 1. c, p. 393, Monterey, California ) P, 
mltha, sp. n., Verrill, 1. c. p. 394, same locality as last. 
Ctenophora. 
Vexillum parallelum, gen. et spec, nov., Fol, /. c. p. 6, tab. 2. figs. 1, 2, 3, and 
tab. 4. fig. 5. Quite contrary to what is met with in Cesium veneris, we met with 
in this form a short stomachal cavity. The infundibular canal is very long, 
the principal tentacles are but little developed. The tentacle-sheath opens 
out quite near the under margin, and forms a prominence in the middle of 
the body, as is found in the Cesium najadis (Esch.), but not in C. veneris. 
Though it m.ay be possible that this form is but the young of a species of 
Cesium, yet, for these reasons, and not forgetting that the Cienophora are often 
capable of reproduction ere they arrive at their adult form, the author thinks 
it proper to refer this form to a new genus. 
Cesium veneris is described by Fol, /. c. p. 8, and figured, tab. 6, 7. 
Eui'hamphcea vexilligera, Gegbr., = elegans, Sara. Fol, 1. c. p. 1, 
Taf. 1, 2, 3, gives a detailed account of the anatomy and minute structure of 
this species. Its development is also traced from the freshly laid egg (the 
ova abounded during February and March) up to the four-day-old form. The 
gap between this and the next stage in development described is in some 
measure filled up by A. Agassiz’s description of Polina, The last stage de- 
scribed is that of the young but nearly perfect form. 
