5 Griist . 
CRUSTACEA. 
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Anatomy and Physiology. 
E. Yung has made some valuable histological researches and physio- 
gical experiments upon the nervous system in the lobster and in Car- 
cinus mcenas. Cancer pagurus, and Portunus puber. The following are 
some of his chief results : — The ventral chain of ganglia and the connect- 
ing strings are sensible in their whole extent ; the roots of nerves coming 
from these ganglia are altogether sensible and motory ; each ganglion, 
thoracic or ventral, is the centre of motion and sensibility for its corres- 
ponding segment, but when separated from those before it, can only 
produce unconscious sensibility and reflex movements ; the infra- 
cesophageal ganglion is the motory centre for the jaws and maxillipeds ; 
the supra-oesophageal ganglion or brain is the motory and sensitive centre 
for the eyes and antennas, and is also sensible for its whole extent, and the 
seat of will and co-ordination of movements for the whole animal. The 
right half of the brain and of the ventral ganglions and connecting 
strings influences the right half of the body ; and so with the left : there 
is no crossing in the course of the nerve -fibres. The brain does not act 
directly on the heart ; the movement of the latter is accelerated by 
electric irritation of the connection of the infra-oesophageal and stomato- 
