THE GENERAL SUBJECT. 
Ins. 13 
Vitality in Insects ; Helms, Ent. Nachr. iv. p. 312. 
Stridulation in Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, and Coleoptera. Notes by 
A. H. Swinton, Ent. M. M. xv. p. 117. In Coleoptera ; J. L. Le Conte, 
Psyche, ii. p. 126, and L, v. Hey den, Kaf. v. Nassau, p. 112. 
On the hybernation of various Insects ; E. Kudow, Z. ges. Naturw. (3) 
iii. p. 244. 
On secondary sexual characters (in Gicindela campestris, hyhrida, chloris, 
and germanica, and Carabus olympice) ; L. Camerano, Atti Acc. Torr. xiii. 
pp. 751-764. [See also Slater, in General Subject, supra.'] 
Monstrosities, &c. 
See Cornelius, supra. 
Necrophorus Jiumator and vespillo, SilpJia atrata and Icevigata, Phyllo- 
hius calcaratiis and pyri^ Cetonia metallica and aurata, Telephorus brown 
and black species, and Rhagonycha melanura, $ , and Agriotes lineatus, $ , 
Chrysomela sanguinolenta and limmoptera, Cryptocephalus sericeus and 
violaceus., respectively observed in copula ; F. Rudow, Z. ges. Naturw. (3) 
iii. pp. 243 & 244. 
Hermaphrodite Melolontha vulgaris., the left side apparently $ , the right 
$ ; on dissection, the specimen proved to be a true $ , the left antennal 
clava being abnormal. Observations on instances of supposed herma- 
phroditism in bees, &c., noticed by Graber & Siebold are also discussed ; 
H. Simroth, Z. ges. Naturw. (3) iii. pp. 347-350, figs. 1-3. 
Deformities. — Gredler, CB. Ver. Regensb. xxxi. p. 139. Ahax omZisand 
Geotrupes sylvaticus\ P. de Borre, CR. Ent. Belg. xxi. p. ccxlix. fig. 
Dytiscus latissimus and marginalis, and Hydrous piceus ; 0. A. Dohrn, 
S. E. Z. xxxix. p. 219. Dytiscus marginalis $ with three right-hand front 
legs, springing from one enlarged coxa, figs. 1 & 2 ; and Saperda car- 
charias with an aborted antennsB springing near the base of the left 
antennae ; J. Ritzema Bos, Tijdschr. Ent. xxii. pp. 206-209, pi. xi. 
Lucanus cervus, $ , with toothed mandibles ; G. de Rossi, Ent. Nachr. iv. 
p. 228. Tentyria interrupta with a 4-jointed supplementary right 
antenna ; M. Blanc, Feuil. Nat. vii. p. 91. Toxotus meridianus with a 
triple right antenna ; Jolicoeur, Bull. Sc. Nord (2) i. p. 65. Geotrupes 
stercorarius simulating typhceus\ Frohlich, Ent. Nachr. iv. p. 118. 
Rhamnusiumsalicis, with deformed left antenna ; Von Hahn, JB. schles. 
Ges. Iv. [1878] p. 189. Lytta vesicatoria with both antennae malformed ; 
Penzig, ibid. 
Fertilization of flowers by Insects ; R. Vion, Bull. Soc. L. N. Fr. 1878, 
p. 151. Utricularia and Pyxidanthera ; W. J. Beal, Am. Nat. xii. p. 552. 
Lepidoptera never visiting Tecoma capense, which is much frequented by 
small bees ; M. S. Evans, Nature, xviii. p. 543. Honey-bees collecting 
pollen from chickweed (Stellaria hitherto not noticed as an insect - 
attractor and supposed to fertilize itself. Salvia splendens bored to get 
the honey, when other plants failed ; T. Meehan, Z. c. p. 334. [See also 
Muller, supra.] 
Selective discrimination. Macroglossa stellatarum mistaking pine- 
knots on a wall for holes ; C. G. O’Brien, Nature, xvii. p. 402. Bombus 
