GENERAL NOTES. InS, 167 
Notes on a collection of Lexndoptera from the Gaboon; 0. Criiger, 
Verb. Ver. Hamb. iii. pp. 133 & 134. 
Ravages of larvae in Ascension ; the Lepidoptera sent from the island 
were the following, all probably introduced ; Vanessa cardui, Lyccena 
hcetica, Agretis segetum, Prodenia retina^ Leucania loreyi (P), Plusia 
aurifera and u-aureum (?), Cosmophila xantliindyma^ and Callopistria, sp. 
R. McLachlan, Ent. M. M. xv. pp. 79 & 80. 
A. G. Butler publishes a list of 56 Lepidoptera collected by W. D. 
Cowan in Madagascar, and describes several new genera and species; 
Ann. N. H. (5) ii. pp. 283-297. 
W. Saalmuller discusses the Lepidoptera of Madagascar, and describes 
several new species; Ber. Senck. Ges. 1877-78, pp. 71-96. 
Polar Regions. 
The Lepidoptera collected by Capt. Feilden and Mr. Hart during the 
recent Arctic Expedition are discussed by R. McLachlan, J. L. S. xiv. 
pp. 108-116 (13 species). In his introductory remarks (pp. 102-104) the 
author records Feilden’s opinion that about one month in the year is the 
longest period for the appearance of Lepidoptera in the perfect state, and 
about six weeks is the limit allowed to plant-feeding larvae. During the 
time when there is no night, butterflies are constantly on the wing, if the 
sun is not obscured. McLachlan concludes that more than one year is 
required for most of the species to undergo their transformations. The 
species enumerated are : Colias hecla, Lef., var, glacialis, Mad., Argynnis 
Xwlaris, Boisd., A. cJiariclea, Schnoid., and var. ohsciirata, Mad., Chryso- 
phamis xMceas, L., \m\feildeni, Mad., Lyccena aquilo, Boisd., Dasychira 
grccnlandica, Horn., Mamestra feildeni^ Mad., Plusia parilis^ Hiibn., 
PsycTiopliera sabini, W. Kirb., Scoparia gelida, Mad., Penthina sp., 
Mixodia sp., and another indeterminable Tortrix. 
America. 
Wheeler, G. M. Report upon Geographical and Geological Explora- 
tions and Surveys West of the 100th Meridian. Vol. v., Zoology. 
Washington : 1875, 4to. 
Contains two chapters on Lepidoptera hitherto omitted from Zool. Rec. 
[for other Tnsecta^ see Zool. Rec. xiii. Ins. pp. 11, 123, 212, & 222], viz., 
— Chapter viii. Report upon the collections of diurnal Lepidoptera made 
in portions of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona, during the years 
1871, 1872, 1873, & 1874, with notes upon all species known to inhabit 
Colorado, by Theodore L. Mead j and a list of all species collected, by 
W. II. Edwards, pp. 739-794, pis. xxxv.-xxxix. Chapter ix. Report upon 
new species of Zygoenidoi and Bomhycidoi collected in portions of Cali- 
fornia and Arizona during the years 1871, 1872, & 1873, by Richard H. 
Stretch, pp. 797-802, pi. xl. 121 species are now known to inhabit 
Colorado. The notes, though interesting, are often copied, and will only 
occasionally require special notice here. No new butterflies are described, 
but several known species are redescribed or figured. 
B. Gerhard’s ‘‘ Systematisches Yerzeichniss der Macro-Lepidopteren von 
