PLATYHELMINTHES, NEMATOHELMINTHES. Verm. 5 
detail ; it is distinguished by the possession oE an enlargement connected 
by a canal which opens to the exterior by a minute pore placed dorsally 
to the mouth, and which seems to be associated with its terrestrial 
habits. 
Lorenz (13), in describing the organization of Axine, points out the 
characters of its asymmetry, which, of itself, would be sufficient to dis- 
tinguish it from Microcotyle (the other distinguishing points are also 
clearly pointed out) ; the seizing organs are not suckers, though similar 
in function ; the nerve-centre is represented by a curved band lying 
superiorly to the oesophagus ; the nerves given off from it are soon lost 
in the parenchyma of the body ; the enteron does not seem to have any 
proper body-wall. Axine appears to be distinguished from all other 
PolystomeoR by the possession of three ducts carrying the deutoplasm into 
the oviduct. Microcotyle has no penis, and the vaginal orifice is placed in 
the dorsal median line of the body ; in many points it resembles Axine ; 
the characters of its vagina are peculiar. 
Vogt (23) describes the generative organs of Phyllonella solece, Van 
Beneden & Hesse (p. 306, pis. xiv. fig. 1, xv. figs. 1-4) ; Diplectanum 
ccquans. Diering (p. 315, pis. xiv. fig. 2, xv. fig. 5, xvi. fig. 1) ; Dactyco- 
tyle pollachii (p. 322, pis. xv. figs. 6 & 7, xvi. figs. 2 & 3) ; Microcotyle 
(with which Axine ought to be united) (p. 327, pis. xv. figs. 8 & 9, xvi. 
figs. 4-6) ; Udonella lupi, Van Beneden & Hesse (p. 333, pi. xvi. figs. 7 & 
8). He gives an account of the orifice of the ootyp, which, on account of 
its “swallowing movements,” he proposes to call the “ Schluckoffnung 
the germ-gland is always simple ; and the remaining female organs do not 
vary very greatly ; the male organs exhibit great variety, in some they 
are connected directly, and in others they have merely a common orifice 
with the female organs. 
Moniez’s (15) observations take largely the form of a revision of the 
statements of Sommer. 
R. Blanchard gives (J. de I’Anat. Phys. 1878, pp. 562, 701-702) an 
account of what is known with regard to the processes of fecundation in 
the Turhellaria, Trematoda., and Nemertinea. 
Ulicny’s (20) observations are on some of the parasites of the Lamelli- 
hranchiata ; the curious characters of the caudal region of the cercariae of 
Cyclas rivicola are described in detail. 
T. S. Cobbold has some remarks on Bothriocephalus latus (Veter, li. 
pp. 428-432) in which he demurs to the view of Fock that the cysticerci 
pass an independent existence in water. 
Duchamp in a second note, “ Sur les conditions de d^veloppement des 
Ligules,” C. R. Ixxxvi. p. 493, points out the influence of temperature. 
De Saint-Joseph has a supplementary note on Ptychodes splendida in 
Bull. Soc. Philom. (7) ii. p. 62. 
NEMA.TOHELMINTHES. 
24. Bugnion, E. Notes sur les globules sanguins du Mermis aquaiilis, 
Duj., suivie de quelques remarques sur la structure anatomique de 
cette espece. Actes Soc. Helv. 60th Sess. Bex, pp. 247-255. 
