ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY. 
Crust. 6 
2. Organs of Sense. 
H. Grenacher, in a general treatise on the eyes of Arthropods (title, 
supra), describes first the simple eyes of some Copepods, as Calanella 
mediterranea, Copilia denticulata, and Sapphirina fulgens, pp. 62-66, pi, vi. 
figs. 37-43, then the compound eyes of Crustacea of various orders, 
pp. 106-122, figuring the structure of those of Porcellio scaber, pi, ix. 
tigs. 95-98, Gammarus locusta, pi. ix. figs. 99-101, Talitrus saltator, 
pi. ix. figs. 102 & 103, Hyperia galba, pi. x. figs. 104-106, Branchipus 
stagualis, pi. x. figs. 107 & 108, Ajnis cancriformis, pi. x. fig. 109, My sis 
vulgaris and fle.imosa, pi. x. figs. 110-116, Palcemon squilla, pi. xi. figs. 117- 
119, Portunus\^Car emus'] mamas, pi. xi. figs. 120 & 121, and Squilla mantis, 
pi. xi. fig. 122, The eyes of Limulus polyphemus are also described and 
figured, pp. 123-133, pi. xi. figs. 123-126 ; they are really compound, but, 
according to the author, quite different from those of the other Crustacea, 
not reducible to the same type, and having only some resemblance to 
those of some Myriapods. [Cy*. also Zool. Rec. xiv. Crust, p. 5.] 
Cases of rudimentary eyes in the stalk-eyed Crustacea recapitulated by 
Norman, Ann. N. H. (5) iv. p. 181. 
The eye of Cambarus pellucidus (Tellkampf), the blind crayfish of the 
Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, is larger in the young than in the adult; it 
differs from the eye of normal species in its smaller size, conical form, 
want of a cornea, and white pigment cells, the brain also being fuller on 
the sides and wanting a front conical projection. A. S. Packard, Jr., 
“ Zoology for students, &c.,” p. 315, fig. 369. 
The eye of the Dapliniidce, Estheriidre, and Apodidoi is originally 
exterual, but is afterwards covered by a fold of the ectoderm ; Grobben, 
Arb. z. Inst. Wien, ii. No. 6, pp. 51-56, pis. vi. & vii. 
Apparently sensitive organs in the first pair of antennae in the caudal 
fork, and sensitive bristles spread throughout the whole surface of the 
body in Lernanihropus, described by C. Helder, Arb. Z. Inst. Wien, ii. 
No. 6, pp. 53-59. 
Auditory bristles in the Amphipoda by Wrzesniowski, supra. 
3. Circulation and Ilesjilration. 
The blood of the lobster contains two colouring matters, one of a rosy 
hue, not changed by oxygen, nor invariably present, and one blue, appear- 
ing identical with the haemocyanine of Octopus. The blood, when 
exposed to oxygen, is blue by reflected, brown by transmitted light ; on 
reduction it becomes rosy ; it coagulates rapidly after removal from the 
body. L. Fredericq, Bull. Ac. Belg. xlvii. p. 409 ; abstract in J. R. Micr. 
Soc. ii. p. 715. 
Abstract of Deszso’s paper on the heart of the crayfish and lobster 
(Zool. Anz. i. [1878] p. 274) in J. R. Micr. Soc. ii. p. 423. 
Experiments and graphic exhibition of the action of the heart in the 
crayfish by F. Plateau, Nature, xix. p. 470, J. R. Micr. Soc. ii. p. 292. 
A peculiar closed system of vessels carrying red blood without globules 
has been found by C. Helder in the genus Lernanihropus ; they spread 
themselves into the lateral appendages and dorsal apron-like expansion, 
