TRICHOPTERA., NEUROPTERA-PLANIPENNIA. InS, 207 
the structure and habits of (principally) the larvae and cases of this 
family. He observes that it is probably one of the richest in species in 
S. Brazil, although no S. American member of it had hitherto been 
noticed. He groups the local forms roughly into six genera, as follows ; 
1. Cases resembling those of the European species, either naked or 
covered with fine sand, Diatoms, &c., more or less compressed, and 
with a slit at each end. 
2. Very minute, nearly cylindrical, coriaceous, brown tubes, covered 
with fine sand, fixed by either end to the underside of stones, and 
generally showing two adhesive disks at the anterior, and one on 
the posterior, end. 
3. Diaulus, g. n., p. 145 (first noticed by name only as Dicaminus in 
Zool. Anz. ii. p. 39 ; changed to Diaulus at p. 40). Strongly com- 
pressed oval cases, elegantly covered by Diatoms, with a narrow 
slit at each end, and with two (or sometimes three) cylindrical 
chimneys for access of water. Type, D. ladislavi^ sp. n., ihid. 
4. Lagenopsyche^ g. n., ihid. (Zool. Anz. ii. p. 40). Cases resembling a 
bottle with the bottom cut away, and the lower part compressed 
until only a slit is visible, the neck representing the mouth-end by 
which it is held in an upright position ; before transformation to 
pupa, the case is fastened by disks of silk, and the larva then turns 
itself in the case, so as to keep the head of the pupa uppermost. 
Two forms are noticed, termed L. hyalina and L. spirogyrm 
respectively. 
5. Rhyacopsyche, g. n., ibid. (Zool. Anz. loc. cit.). Cases of younger larvje 
are brown, coriaceous, nearly cylindrical, widening in the middle. 
From one end proceeds a silken thread, sometimes more than 
twice the length of the case, by which it is fastened to stones so 
as to prevent its being swept away by the rivulets in which it 
lives. Before transformation to pupa, the thread is much short- 
ened, so as to sustain the case in an upright position. Type, R. 
hageni, sp. n., ihid. 
6. Peltopsyche, g. n., p. 144 (Zool. Anz. loc. cit.). Cases resembling 
the egg-cases of Nephelis^ fixed in large numbers to the upper side 
of stones ; brown, tough, and coriaceous in texture ; the basal wall 
very thin. The perfect insects differing from all other known 
forms in the antennm of the $ ; the basal joints exhibit processes 
of a complicated structure, differing according to the species. Two 
species, viz., P. maclachlani and P. sieholdiy are noticed by name 
{ibid.). 
Neuroptera-Planipennia. 
Sialidce. 
Riley, C. V. On the larval characteristics of Corydalus and ChauliodeSy 
and on the development of Corydalus cornutus. P. Am. Ass. 1878 
(1879), pp. 285-287 (abstract in Canad. Ent. xi. pp. 96-98). 
The larva of Corydalus has in its later stages three sets of breathing 
organs, viz., ordinary spiracles, long lateral branchial filaments, and 
