16 Moll. 
MOLLUSC A. 
Lithoglyplius fuscus, &c., by (A. Slosarski, Bull. Soc. Zool. Fr. 1877, 
pp. 291-299. This author has given some "notes on the same subject at 
the meeting of the Russian naturalists at Warsaw, Sept. 1876. 
Thuringia. The Mollusks living in the mountains of this province are 
enumerated, partly from personal observation, by the Recorder. On the 
summits, more than 2000 feet above the sea, only Limax marginatus (Mull.), 
agrestis (L.), Avion ater (L.), and IJyalina pura (Stud.) have been found. 
In the woods of the higher slopes and declivities, snails are rather rare,-and 
it is only at a few points, where steep and bare pieces of rocks, exposed 
to the sun, make their appearance, that a larger number of species and 
individuals is to be found. Limncea ovata (Drap.), peregra (Mull.), and 
Ancylus' Jluviatilis (Miill.), are the only freshwater-shells found in the 
rivulets and ponds above 1400 feet. The number of species and indi- 
viduals increases very considerably as soon as one reaches the large belt 
of fossiliferous limestone bordering the chain of mountains to the north 
and south ; Martens, JB. mal. Ges. iv. pp. 213-237, also SB. nat. Fr. 
1877, pp. 15-18. A list of 39 terrestrial and 1 freshwater-shells found 
at Suiza and Koesen in the flat fossiliferous limestone region of Thuringia 
by Reinhardt ; Nachr. mal. Ges. 1877, pp. 36-38. Some shells found near 
Eisenach, including A seca menkeana (0. Pfr.) indicated by Bottger, tom. 
cit. pp. 97 & 98. 
Bavarian Forest Region. In the granitic mountains between Bavaria 
and Bohemia, only 8 terrestrial and 13 freshwater Mollusca have been 
found by S. Olessin ; Nachr. mal. Ges. 1877, pp. 39-42. 
S. Olessin discusses the forms of freshwater Mollusca peculiar to the 
great lakes of Southern Germany, distinguished by the thickness of the 
shell and most of them also by the shortness of the spire, and also those 
found by Forel in deep water in the Swiss lakes, distinguished by 
small size and very thin shells. He inclines to regard them as distinct 
species. The Mollusca living on the open shores of these lakes, subject 
to tho agitation of the waves, are limited to the genera Limmea, Planorhis 
(only one species), Valvata, Anodonta, and Pisidium ; those living in 
depths of 25 metres and upwards, to Limncea^ Valvata, and Pisidium. 
The author inclines to regard both as species distinct from those living 
in ponds and rivers, though descendant from them. Mal. Blatt. xxiv. 
pp. 159-170. For new species, see below. 
Tirol. A few shells found in tho Zillerthal enumerated by Olessin, 
Nachr. mal. Ges. 1877, pp. 43 & 44. 
Engadine. Succinea amphibia \^putris (L.)] and Planorhis leucostoma 
found at Pontresina, 6000 feet above the level of the sea. Giebel, 
Z. ges. Naturw. (2) ii. p. 229. 
Lyons. A. Locard publishes a treatise on the malacological fauna, 
chiefly from materials in the collection of A. P. Terver (deceased), and 
with special regard to the varieties of the different species ; diagnostic 
descriptions of each species are given in French in an appendix. He 
enumerates 95 terrestrial and 49 freshwater species, 16 of which are 
Bivalves. As species of not universal distribution may bo mentioned 
among others, Limax gagates and variegatus^ Testacella^ Vitrina annularis^ 
Helix personaia, sylvatica, cantia7ia, carthusiana, plcheia, unifasciata, 
