102 Ins. 
HYMENOPTERA, 
FoRMICIDiE. 
McCook, H. 0. On the vital powers of Ants. P. Ac. Philad. 1877, 
pp. 134-137. 
Camponotus pennsylvanicua enduring forty-eight hours’ freezing on ice, 
and Formica rufa only sluggish at 30*’ F. ; C. pennsylvanicus, surviving, 
though contained in a stump burning on a camp fire, and Myrmica mole- 
facims inhabiting for five years a mound on which blacksmiths’ fires were 
habituaUy built up ; Formica rufa and another ant reviving after a 
night’s submergence in five inches of rain water. 
Ants destroying the wings of subterranean Aphides and species of 
Tettigometra, apparently to prevent them from leaving their nests ; J. 
Lichtenstein, MT. schw. ent. Ges. v. p. 301. 
Circumspection in ants ; Leidy, P. Ac. Philad. 1877, p. 320. 
Formica flava in possession of large numbers of a species of Aphis, a 
Coccus, and the larva of an insect, probably Coleopterous, all carefully 
tended ; id. 1. c. p. 145. 
Formica rufa. H. 0. McCook, “Mound-making Ants of the Alle- 
ghanios, their architecture and habits,” Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. vi. pp. 263-206, 
pis. ii.-v, (photogr.), and figs. 1-13, describes very fully the habits, 
economy, engineering, guests, enemies, &c., of this species. Nests 40 in. 
high and 36 ft. in circumference, described ; id. Am. Nat. xi. p. 61. 
Lasius incisus, Sck., and umhratus, N., frequenting trees ; L. incisus 
and fuliginosus in company, Schenck, Ent. Nachr. iii. p. 2. L. incisus = 
affmis, Sch. ; id. (quoting Forel) 1. c. p. 65. 
Ponera ochracea (P), worker, in Britain ; R. S. Charsley, Ent. M. M. 
xiv. p. 69. Afterwards described as new, id. 1. c. p. 162. 
Emery, C. Saggio di un Ordinamento naturale dei Mirmicidei, e con- 
siderazioni sulla filogenesi delle Formiche. Bull. Ent. Ital. ix. 
pp. 67-83, pi. i. 
After a reference to Mayr’s views, the author divides the ants into 
four tribes, or sub-families, Formicidce, Poneridoe, Myrmicidcc, and 
Dorylidce, retaining the latter, though aberrant. The Myrmicidce are 
composed of five groups, Myrmeciidce, Cryptoceridoe, Myrmicidce genuince, 
Phidolidce, and Attidce. The third and fourth of these have hitherto 
been subject to much confusion, but are essentially characterized by their 
thoracic structure and the venation of their anterior wings. Cremasto- 
gaster should, perhaps, form a separate group. Eciton should not be 
placed in the Attidce. A list is given of the genera belonging to these 
groups ; and the plate represents venation and other points of external 
anatomy illustrating the author’s views, which are criticised by G. Mayr 
in Verb. z.-b. Wien, xxvii. SB. pp. 23-26. 
Myrmica ruginodis stridulating ; A. H. Swinton, P. E. Soc. 1877, p. xv. 
Myrmica molefaciens, Buckley (= harhata, Smith), queried as a Pogono- 
myrmex, teste Forel. Observations on its formicarium, and corroboration 
of its habit of collecting and storing seeds, and removing shells and 
refuse. H. O. McCook, P. Ac. Philad. 1877, pp. 299-304. The reported 
