2 Coel. 
C(ELENTERATA. 
10. Moseley, H. N. On new forms of Actinaria dredged in the deep 
sea ; with a description of certain pelagic surface-swimming species. 
Tr. L. S. (2) i. pp. 295-305, pi. xlv. 
11. Nardo, G. Sull* Antipate delP Adriatico, memoria postuma del 
celebre vitaliano Donati, sfuggita all’ occhio dei naturalist!. Atti 
Inst. Yen. (5) hi. pp. 673-678. 
12. Studer, T. Uebersicht der Steinkorallen aus der Familie der 
Madreporaria aporosa^ Eupsainmina, und Turhinarina^ welche auf der 
Reise S.M.S. “ Gazelle ” um die Erde gesammelt wurden. MB. Ak. 
Berl. 1877, pp. 625-655, pis. i.-iv. 
Generalities. 
Heider’s paper (5) is a valuable contribution to the histological 
anatomy of the Acliniidm, The existence of a circular canal (a series of 
orifices in the septa, just within the lip) is demonstrated; there are neither 
labial muscles nor any sphincter around the inferior opening of the 
“ gastral ” cavity, no inferior tongue-like productions of the folds of the 
mouth-angles, no nervous system, and no special organs of sense. The 
“gastral” cavity is lined with ectoderm, all the internal parts with endo- 
derm, excepting the mesenterial filaments, whose “ epithelium ’’ is very 
much like the ectoderm. The gastral tube, the tentacles, and the oral 
disk have, between the mesoderm (connective tissue) and the ectoderm, 
a layer of longitudinal muscles, between the mesoderm and the endo- 
derm one of transversal muscles ; in the lateral body-wall, the longitu- 
dinal muscles are wanting, in the basal wall also the circular. The ecto- 
derm is made up of ciliated, glandular, and nematocyst-producing cells, 
the latter provided with “ cnidocils.” The holes of the body-wall (cin- 
clides), through which the mesenterial filaments are protruded, are not 
pre-formed, but produced through the pressure on the soft, yielding 
tissues. The warts of the skin (suckers) are composed of peculiar glan- 
dular cells. The extremities of the tentacles are provided with a pore. 
The genital organs are apparently formed in the mesodermal connective 
tissue of the septa. The special muscles of the larger septa are placed 
on the adverse sides of the septa, forming each sub-tentacular space. 
The whole external and internal surface of the Actinia is provided 
with moving cilia. The food consists to a large degree of microscopical 
organisms, but parts of larger animals are also devoured. In Panceria 
(1) the “circular canal” is wanting; an inferior sphincter is present; 
not all the septa are provided with filaments; the so-termed “branchiae” 
or “hepatic organs” are, histologically, mere outgrowths of the mesenteric 
folds ; basally, the branching septa are connected into a spongy network, 
continued into the coenenchyma, &c. Koch’s anatomy of Stylophora (7) 
is also a valuable contribution to the little known anatomy of stony corals. 
Notes on growth of corals, Am. J. Sci. (3) xiii. p. 66, Ann. N. H. (4) 
xix. p. 276, M. Micr. J. xviii. p. 192 ; on deep-sea corals generally, 
Wyville Thomson, Atlantic, ii. pp. 344-346. On red-coral-fishing off 
Cape Yerde Islands, tom. cit. pp. 76 & 77 ; on coral reef at the Bermudas, 
