16 
ORDERS OF MAMMALS— APES AND MONKEYS 
possible, and meanwhile seizing and holding in 
his hands as many more of the struggling insects 
as his absurd little paws could grasp. 
This creature is a skilful climber, and it is the 
only mammal I ever saw which could exert suffi- 
cient lateral pressure with its hand's and feet to en- 
able it to climb with ease a perfectly smooth, right- 
angled corner of wood to a height of six feet. 
This particular animal was so fond of its 
owner that it loudly and vociferously refused to 
sleep elsewhere than in his bunk, cuddled against 
his feet. With its piercing cries it controlled the 
situation as effectually as any spoiled child. 
The Saki Monkeys, of tropical South Amer- 
ica east of the Andes, are of medium size, mostly 
black and shaggy-haired, and sometimes pos- 
sessed of a long, black chin beard. They are 
always marked by their big, heavily-haired 
tails, which are long, but not prehensile. They 
are often mistaken for howling monkeys. They 
are difficult to keep alive, seldom live to reach 
the United States, and for this reason are likely 
to remain but little known. The most remark- 
able species is the Black Saki , 1 two specimens 
of which were placed on exhibition in the New 
York Zoological Park in 1903. 
The Uakari, or Yarkee, Monkeys, of which 
there are three species, all found in Brazil, have 
the shortest tails to be found amongst American 
monkeys. The Bald Yarkee 2 of the Upper 
Amazon is an excellent imitation of the Japanese 
red-faced monkey, having not only the same 
stubby tail, and long, shaggy hair, but also a 
red face ! Unfortunately this species is one of 
the rarest in all America. 
The Howlers are rarely seen in captivity, 
because it seems almost an impossibility for 
man to find food which they will eat, and which 
agrees with them. 
Between the two sides of the lower jaw, the 
Howler possesses a large sound-box of cartilage 
— a development of the hyoid bone — which gives 
to the creature’s voice a deep resonance, of a 
very unusual character. These monkeys de- 
light to indulge in vocal concerts, and the deep 
roar of their unearthly voices can be distinguished 
at a distance of a mile or more. 
In all there are six species of Howling Mon- 
keys. Occasionally young specimens of the 
Golden Howler are brought from Venezuela 
1 Pi-the'cia sa-tan'as. 2 U-a-ka'ri-a cal'va. 
and Guiana to New York, but in confinement 
their digestive organs are easily disturbed, and 
they seldom, if ever, live to reach maturity. 
THE FAMILY OF MARMOSETS. 
Calliihricidae. 
Lowest in the scale of all the American mon- 
keys, and in fact next to the lemurs, we find a 
collection of small and odd-looking creatures, 
some of which are so strangely formed that it 
often is necessary to state that they belong to the 
Order of Apes and Monkeys. This is the Family 
of Marmosets, the members of which are dis- 
tributed variously from southern Mexico to 
southern Brazil. They are frequently found in 
the stores of animal dealers, and by ladies who 
have abundant time for their care are often 
COMMON MARMOSET. 
prized as household pets. But they are very 
delicate, and do not long endure the strain of 
being on public exhibition. Their market price 
varies from $3.50 to $8. 
Without exception these are all very small, 
