10 
ORDERS OF MAMMALS— APES AND MONKEYS 
By permission of Edwards Bros. 
A DRESSED-UP CHIMPANZEE. 
mind of the former is more alert, and acts more 
quickly than that of the orang. 
In walking, the Chimpanzee does not place 
the palms of its hands flat upon the ground, but 
bends its fingers at the middle joint, and walks 
upon its knuckles. 
It does not, as so often asserted on hearsay 
evidence, build a hut or a roof of branches under 
which to sleep. Its home is the heavy forest 
region of equatorial Africa, from the Atlantic 
ocean to Lake Tanganyika. Like the gorilla, 
its skin is black, and when young its hair also, 
but when fully grown its hair is dark iron- 
gray. This animal can at one glance be dis- 
tinguished from the orang-utan by the greater 
size of its ears, and its black color. 
The Orang-Utan (from two pure Malay 
words, “orang” = man, and “utan” = jungle) 
is also about two-thirds the size of the gorilla, 
and is easily recognized by its brick-red hair, 
brown skin and small ears. The largest speci- 
men on record stood 4 feet 6 inches in height 
from heel to head, measured 42 inches around 
the chest, and between finger tips stretched 8 
feet. The old males develop a strange, flat ex- 
pansion of the cheek, called “cheek callosities,” 
13 inches across; but in young animals this is 
seldom developed. The hand is 11^ inches long, 
the foot 13^ inches, but the width of each across 
the palm is only 3-J inches. The weight of a 
large, full-grown male Orang is about 250 
pounds. 
The black gorilla and chimpanzee both in- 
habit the land of black men; the brown Orang- 
Utan lives only in Borneo and Sumatra, the land 
of the brown-skinned Malay. The latter prefers 
the belt of level, swampy forest near the coast, 
lives wholly in the tree-tops, and rarely descends 
to the earth except for water. Orangs travel by 
swinging underneath the large branches with 
their long, muscular arms. Because of their 
great weight, they cannot leap from tree to tree, 
as monkeys do, but they swing with wonderful 
rapidity and precision. They eat all kinds of 
wild fruit, fleshy leaves, and the shoots of the 
screw pine. 
In proper hands, young Orang-Utans are very 
susceptible to training. In 1901 the New York 
Drawn by C. B. Hudson. 
A FIGHT IN THE TREE-TOPS. 
Old male Orang-Utans, with cheek callosities. 
